ObjectiveMalignant breast cancer is the leading cause of death by cancer in young women. The study aimed to determine if breast cancer mortality among young women has increased between the period from 1996 to 2017 in Brazil.MethodsA time-series analysis of breast cancer mortality rate in young women (20–39 years old) was carried out. Mortality data, from 1996 to 2017, were collected from the Mortality Information System of the Health Ministry, and demographic data, from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Trends in mortality were performed by Joinpoint Regression, the spatial distribution of the mortality rate was done with the QGIZ Software version 2.18, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to correlate the mortality rates with the Human Development Index.ResultsThere was an increase in breast cancer mortality rates in young women in the majority of Brazilian states, with an upward trend in all regions. The correlation with the Municipal Human Development Index, income, and education had a significant impact on the mortality rate for women from 30–39 years old in both time frames evaluated and for women from 20–29 years old, only from 1996 to 2000.ConclusionThe data obtained in the study, showed that even though the breast cancer mortality rate of young women is lower than women over 40 years old, it has been increasing in all regions of Brazil, mostly for women from 30–39 years old, suggesting that this group should be included in screening programs.

443Valladares ACA, Silva MT. A arteterapia e a promoção do desenvolvimento infantil no contexto da hospitalização. Rev Gaúcha Enferm., Porto Alegre (RS) 2011 set;32(3):443-50. a Este estudo faz parte do projeto de pesquisa "Arteterapia com crianças hospitalizadas: uma análise interpretativa de suas produções".

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of instructions promoting an external versus internal focus of attention on the learning of a specific balance task, the pirouette en dehors (from fourth position), in 10-year-old novice ballet students. In addition, we sought to gain insight into learners' motivation and subjective learning experience as a function of different focus conditions. Thirty-eight children were randomly assigned to one of two groups. In the external focus (EF) group, participants were asked to focus on a spotting point on the wall in front of them for as long as possible. In the internal focus (IF) group, participants were asked to focus on the initial position of their head relative to the wall in front of them and on keeping it in that position for as long as possible. The task goal was to rotate as far as possible, and the dependent variable was the number of degrees rotated. All participants performed 15 practice trials of a (right) pirouette. Two days later, participants completed retention and transfer (left pirouette) tests without attentional focus reminders. After the practice phase, participants were asked what they thought about while practicing the pirouette and completed self-rating scales related to their perceived competence, effort, and sense of the importance of doing well. The EF group demonstrated superior performance relative to the IF group during practice, retention, and transfer phases. In addition, EF participants' responses indicated higher perceived competence and greater satisfaction with their performance, as well as greater importance of performing well. In contrast, IF participants reported more nervousness and fear of losing balance and not doing well. Overall, the findings demonstrate that external relative to internal focus instructions enhanced the students' learning of the pirouette en dehors and had positive motivational consequences.

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