Resumo Contexto: A depressão é um importante problema de saúde global e vem causando impacto negativo na vida dos indivíduos e na de suas famílias, além de elevar a demanda dos serviços de saúde. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de depressão e de fatores associados em indivíduos com idade superior a 14 anos que buscaram atendimento na atenção primária. Métodos: Estudo transversal em três Unidades Básicas de Saúde vinculadas à Universidade Católica de Pelotas. A depressão, os transtornos de ansiedade e o risco de suicídio foram avaliados por meio da Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), enquanto os fatores associados, como idade, gênero, vive ou não com o/a companheiro/a, escolaridade e uso de substâncias psicoativas, foram avaliados por meio de questionário sociodemográfico. Resultados: A prevalência de depressão foi de 23,9% (n = 256), apresentando-se mais evidente nas mulheres, com 4 a 7 anos de escolaridade, de classe socioeconômica D ou E, que abusam ou são dependentes de álcool, com algum transtorno de ansiedade e com risco de suicídio (p < 0,050). Conclusão: Diante de tais resultados, salientamos a inserção de cuidados em saúde mental por meio de avaliações diagnósticas e de protocolos de atendimento que abarquem a depressão e suas comorbidades na atenção primária.Molina MRAL, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2012;39(6):194-7 Palavras-chave: Depressão, transtorno depressivo, atenção primária à saúde, atenção básica, epidemiologia. AbstractBackground: Depression, an important global health problem, negatively impacts the lives of individuals and their families beyond simply increasing the demand for health services. Objective: To assess the prevalence of depression and associated mental health issues in individuals older than 14 years of age seeking primary care. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three primary care units involved with the Catholic University of Pelotas. Depression, anxiety disorders, and suicide risk were assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Factors such as age, gender, solitary living, education, and psychoactive substance use were evaluated using a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The overall prevalence of depression was 23.9% (n = 256). Depression was more prevalent in women with only 4-7 years of education, in women who belong to socioeconomic class D or E, in those who abuse or are dependent on alcohol, or in women who showed an anxiety disorder or suicide risk (p < 0.050). Discussion: Based on these findings, we emphasize the integration of mental health care into primary care through diagnostic evaluations and treatment protocols that cover depression and its comorbidities.

Depression has a high prevalence in the general population, especially among women. There is no consensus in the scientific literature about differences between men and women in the manifestations of depressive symptoms, nor about psychotherapy indications according to gender. This research aimed to verify differences in depressive symptoms and symptoms improvement between young adult men and women with current Major Depressive Disorder and to identify differences between two brief Cognitive Psychotherapy models. Randomized clinical trial in which participants were randomized between: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Narrative Cognitive Therapy. Depressive symptoms pre and post-intervention were evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. The sample was composed of 25 men and 95 women. Genital symptoms and insight were significantly different between genders. Concerning improvement in symptoms according to the psychotherapy model, CBT presented a trend toward being more effective in men. Therefore, the symptoms and improvement in depressive symptoms are manifested differently between genders.Keywords: symptoms, depression, gender, young adults, cognitive therapy Sintomas Depressivos e Relação entre os Gêneros: Diferenças em Adultos Jovens de um Ensaio Clínico RandomizadoResumo: A depressão apresenta elevada prevalência na população geral, especialmente entre as mulheres. Não existe consenso na literatura científica a respeito de diferenças das manifestações de sintomas depressivos entre homens e mulheres, bem como, quanto à indicações de psicoterapias conforme o gênero. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as diferenças na sintomatologia depressiva e melhora dos sintomas em homens e mulheres adultos jovens com Transtorno Depressivo Maior e identificar as diferenças entre dois modelos de Psicoterapia Cognitiva. Em ensaio clínico, os participantes foram randomizados entre: Psicoterapia Cognitivo Comportamental e Psicoterapia Cognitiva Narrativa. A sintomatologia depressiva pré e pós intervenção foi avaliada pela Hamilton Depression Scale. Participaram do estudo 25 homens e 95 mulheres. Os sintomas genitais e de consciência foram significativamente diferentes entre os gêneros. Quanto à melhora dos sintomas de acordo com o modelo psicoterapêutico, a PCC apresentou uma tendência a ser mais eficaz entre os homens. Sendo assim, é possível observar que a sintomatologia e a melhora dos sintomas depressivos manifestam-se diferentemente entre os gêneros. Palavras-chave: sintomas, depressão, gênero, jovens, terapia cognitiva Síntomas Depresivos y la Relación entre los Géneros: Diferencias en Adultos Jóvenes de un Ensayo Clinico RandomizadoResumen: La depresión tiene una alta prevalencia en la población general, especialmente entre las mujeres. No hay consenso en la literatura científica sobre las diferencias en las manifestaciones de síntomas depresivos entre hombres y mujeres, ni sobre las indicaciones de las psicoterapias según el género. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las diferencias en l...

The present study aimed to verify the association between maternal depression and emotional and behavioral problems in school children in Pelotas, Southern Brazil, considering that maternal depression increases children's vulnerability for developing psychiatric disorders. This is a cross-sectional study with a school-based sample conducted between August 2015 and November 2016 and it is part of a major project entitled 'Healthy Childhood in Context: A Multidisciplinary Investigation'. Schoolchildren aged between 7 and 8 years and one of their respective parents or a primary caregiver were included in the study. Maternal depression was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The presence of emotional and behavioral problems in children was verified by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) - parents version. Children of depressed mothers exhibited higher mean scores in all SDQ domains and in the total score when compared to children of non-depressed mothers. Lower socio-economic status was also associated with higher SDQ scores. Our results showed the effects of both maternal depression and poverty on children emotional and behavioral problems, which evidence the need for child mental health preventive care, and free quality assistance for both mothers and their children.

This research aims to evaluate factors associated with the presence of comorbidities between mood and anxiety disorders in young adults aged 18 to 24 years, from Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional, population-based study with a probabilistic sample by conglomerates. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to assess mood and anxiety disorders. The prevalence of mental disorders in the sample (n = 1,561) was of 26.8% of which 9.7% had comorbidities between mood and anxiety disorders. The prevalence of comorbidities on mood and anxiety disorders is almost three times higher among women than men (p < 0.001). Lower education levels, socioeconomic status (p < 0.001) and a history of divorced parents (p < 0.050) was associated with comorbidities between mood and anxiety disorders. The main conclusion is that social factors are highly associated with comorbidities between mood and anxiety disorders. Prevention strategies on mental health should focus particularly on women in vulnerable social conditions.