Health literacy, a more complex concept than knowledge, is a required capacity to obtain, understand, integrate and act on health information [1], in order to enhance individual and community health, which is defined by different levels, according to the autonomy and personal capacitation in decision making [2]. Medium levels of Health literacy in an adolescent population were found in a study conducted in 2013/2014, being higher in sexual and reproductive health and lower in substance use. It was also noticed that the higher levels of health literacy were in the area adolescents refer to have receipt more health information. The health literacy competence with higher scores was communication skills, and the lower scores were in the capacity to analyze factors that influence health. Higher levels were also found in younger teenagers, but in a higher school level, confirming the importance of health education in these age and development stage. Adolescents seek more information in health professionals and parents, being friends more valued as a source information in older adolescents, which enhance the importance of peer education mainly in older adolescents [3]. As a set of competences based on knowledge, health literacy should be developed through education interventions, encompassing the cultural and social context of individuals, since the society, culture and education system where the individual is inserted can define the way the development and enforcement of the health literacy competences [4]. The valued sources of information should be taken into account, as well as needs of information in some topics referred by adolescents in an efficient health education. Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness which has a profound effect on the health and well-being related with the well-known nature of psychotic symptoms. The exercise has the potential to improve the life of people with schizophrenia improving physical health and alleviating psychiatric symptoms. However, most people with schizophrenia remains sedentary and lack of access to exercise programs are barriers to achieve health benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on I) the type of intervention in mental health, II) in salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol and serum levels of S100B and BDNF, and on III) the quality of life and selfperception of the physical domain of people with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 31 females in long-term institutions in the Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, with age between 25 and 63, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Physical fitness was assessed by the six-minute walk distance test (6MWD). Biological variables were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Psychological variables were assessed using SF-36, PSPP-SCV, RSES and SWLS tests. Walking exercise has a positive impact on physical fitness (6MWD -p = 0.001) and physical components of the psychological test...
ResumoEste estudo exploratório procura contribuir para promover a compreensão de factores envolvidos na qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem a idosos dependentes em cuidados domiciliares. Adoptou-se o photovoice, um método participativo (qualitativo) que usa a fotografia e a voz para aceder ao mundo dos outros e torná-lo acessível a nós. A amostra envolve seis enfermeiros, com idades entre os 24 e 30 anos, cinco do sexo feminino. Os principais resultados sugerem que a promoção da qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem a pessoas idosas dependentes em cuidados domiciliares envolve: i) trabalho e decisão em equipe multidisciplinar; ii) mais recursos materiais e humanos; iii) apoio aos cuidadores informais (quase sempre membros da família); vi) determinação dos enfermeiros. O principal obstáculo centra-se na escassez de recursos e na desorganização, traduzidos em falta de tempo, desordem e frustração. Os participantes salientam a importância do envolvimento da família, considerada parte da unidade de cuidado.
Comportamentos dos enfermeiros e impacto em doentes idosos em situação de internamento hospitalarNurses' behaviours and their impacts on elderly hospitalized patients Comportamientos de los enfermeros y impacto en los enfermos de edad avanzada en situación de internamiento hospitalar Maribel Carvalhais I , Liliana Sousa II RESUMO A percepção dos pacientes acerca da qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem é determinante na sua avaliação dos cuidados de saúde. Este estudo exploratório identifica comportamentos dos enfermeiros (positivos e negativos) significativos para pacientes muito idosos (75 anos ou mais) em situação de internamento hospitalar. Adotou-se a técnica dos incidentes críticos que foi aplicada por entrevista a 30 sujeitos. Os principais resultados indicam que os idosos hospitalizados: i) apreciam de modo positivo os comportamentos dos enfermeiros que garantem a execução de técnicas sem causar desconforto, num contexto de amabilidade, carinho, disponibilidade e preocupação; assim o paciente sente-se confiante, seguro e acredita que o seu estado de saúde vai melhorar; ii) consideram negativos os comportamentos dos enfermeiros associados à execução de técnicas causando dor, principalmente se acompanhados de agressividade e indisponibilidade. Neste caso os idosos tendem a se sentirem tristes e a acreditar no agravamento do seu estado de saúde. Palavras chave: Relações enfermeiropaciente; Saúde do idoso; Comportamento; Hospitalização.
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