The study of family members underlines the variable expression of NC-CAH even within a family, suggesting that modifier factors may modulate phenotype expression. Post-ACTH 21dF cannot reliably detect heterozygous subjects. Considering the high frequency of heterozygotes in the general population, it is essential to genotype the partner(s) of the patients with one severe mutation to offer genetic counseling.

Subfertility is mild in NC-CAH. However, the rate of miscarriages is lower in pregnancies occurring with glucocorticoid treatment and argues for treating NC-CAH women wanting pregnancy. In addition, considering the high rate of heterozygotes for CYP21A2 mutations in the general population, it is essential to genotype the partner of patients with a severe mutation to predict the risk of classical CAH and offer genetic counseling.

Results:Denaturing HPLC screening and direct DNA sequencing revealed a heterozygous G3464C IGF1R mutation in exon 19 located within a phylogenetically conserved motif of the kinase domain. The resultant mutation of glycine 1125 to alanine (G1125A) did not affect IGF1R protein expression in transiently transfected COS-7 cells and Igf1RϪdeficient mouse fibroblasts (RϪ) but abrogated IGF-I-induced receptor autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of downstream kinases protein kinase B/Akt and MAPK/ERK. Cotransfection of wild-type and mutant IGF1R resulted in reduced autophosphorylation of 36 Ϯ 10% of wild-type levels, suggesting a partial dominant-negative effect. Conclusion: The identified G1125A mutation results in a kinase-deficient IGF1R, which is likely to cause the phenotype of intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation. ABSTRACTObjective: In contrast to subfertility often reported in women suffering from the classical form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, fertility in nonclassical CAH (NC-CAH) has been rarely studied. Our objective was to evaluate fertility in NC-CAH women. Material and Methods: We studied 190 NC-CAH women (161 probands ϩ 29 first degree relatives). Only 20 probands had consulted for infertility (12%), either alone or associated with hirsutism or menstrual cycle disorders. The diagnosis was established on post-ACTH 17-hydroxyprogesterone 10 ng/ml or greater and further characterized by CYP21A2 gene analysis. Results: Ninety-five of the 190 women wanted pregnancy (aged 26.7 Ϯ 8.9 yr); 187 pregnancies occurred in 85 women, which resulted in 141 births in 82 of them. Ninety-nine pregnancies (52.9%) occurred before the diagnosis of NC-CAH (96 spontaneously and three with ovulation inducers) whereas 98 occurred after diagnosis (11 spontaneously and 77 with hydrocortisone treatment); 83% of pregnancies were obtained within 1 yr. The rate of miscarriages was 6.5% for pregnancies obtained with glucocorticoid treatment vs. 26.3% without. Two of the 141 infants (1.5%) were born with classical CAH. Conclusion: Subfertility is mild in NC-CAH. However, the rate of miscarriages is lower in pregnancies occurring with glucocorticoid treatment and argues for treating NC-CAH women wanting pregnancy. In addition, considering the high rate of heterozygotes for CYP21A2 mutations in the general population, it is essential to genotype the partner of patients with a severe mutation to predict the risk of classical CAH and offer genetic counseling. Endocrinology, February 2010, 151(2):1-3 endo.endojournals.org 841 The Endocrine Society. Downloaded from press.endocrine.org by [${individualUser.displayName}] on 22 June 2016. at 05:17 For personal use only. No other uses without permission. . All rights reserved.

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