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Sparassis laminosa Fr. is a valuable edible fungus and is protected in many countries, including Ukraine. The study of this fungus in the laboratory and its reproduction under natural conditions are research priorities to preserve this species. We studied the culture growth S. laminosa strain 2211 on nutrient agar media and different plant substrates. Grain-containing substrates were optimal for mycelial growth, the colonization of which occurred from days 10-20 of the experiment. S. laminosa strain 2211 can be grown in the natural environment using the re-situ technique. However, fruit bodies were observed in only one location (near Quercus robur in a sunny area of a temperate deciduous forest, territory of the village Verbovets) at four months after inoculation of the composite substrate containing wheat grain: coniferous sawdust: sunflower seed shells: wheat straw at a ratio of 67%:17%:8%:8%. The obtained fruit bodies were typical of the species morphology, but they had a considerably smaller size. In addition, only substrates that were completely colonized with mycelium were suitable for the application of S. laminosa in nature. The use of partially colonized substrates was accompanied by contamination and growth of Schizophyllum commune fruit bodies. Monitoring of the periodicity of the fruiting within the fixed locality and the effectiveness of all 15 the substrates used in experiment for the fruiting of S. laminosae strain 2211, will be conducted in future studies.

Growth and morphological patterns of cultures were examined for two strains of Hericium coralloides during competitive colonisation of different nutrient media. The nutrient chemical composition of the medium was found to play an important role in the manifestation of antagonistic potencies of cultures. On the nutrient-poor Czapek medium with cellulose, radial growth of the monoculture was very slow. However, in triple confrontation cultures, the rate of substrate colonisation increased, and a positive effect on H. coralloides growth was observed. On all the examined media, Fomes fomentarius was consistently antagonistic to H. coralloides. The less suitable the medium for H. coralloides growth, the greater inhibitory effect was observed, but only in the combination of H. coralloides and F. fomentarius. This effect was observed for both strains of Hericium. Schizophyllum commune displayed both an antagonistic and a stimulating influence on H. coralloides, depending on the medium used and the strain of Hericium. The morphology of cultures H. coralloides 2332 and 2333 on media of different compositions in dual confrontation cultures was typical of the strains, but the colony growth was mostly uneven. The obtained results will be used to reintroduce native strains of Hericium coralloides into the ecosystem of Hutsulshchyna NNP. The interrelations between different fungi should be taken into account for successful colonisation of natural substrate.

The article provides results of the research on the diversity of wood-inhabiting macrofungi on decaying trees and lying logs in beech forests within the protected zone and zone of regulated recreation in Hutsulshchyna National Nature Park. The species composition and community structure of xylotrophic fungi on deadwood of Fagus sylvatica was studied at each of five stages of wood decay. Altogether, 50 species of fungi and fungi-like organisms of various taxonomic groups were identified. Taxonomic structure of wood-inhabiting fungi on dead beech wood of four stages of wood decay at the level of order was analyzed and illustrated. Species of the order Polyporales were the dominant taxonomic group at all wood decomposing stages. Species richness at all stages was also analyzed. Species of fungi specific for each decaying stage are indicated. The most numerous were lignin-degrading fungi; those decomposing cellulose dominated at the final stages of wood decay. Some species of fungi were recorded only at one stage of wood decomposing while fruit bodies of other species were observed during the subsequent stages, from the second or third to the last one. Lower species diversity of fungal communities can be explained by lack of dead standing or lying trees in the forests. A find of Dentipellis fragilis, an indicator of the European primeval beech forests, is reported. Hericium coralloides, a species listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine, was recorded on a beech log at the fifth stage of wood decay in the protected area, Kamenysty forest parcel.

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