Objective. To perform a systematic review of publications devoted to the evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis aged 10-14 years. Material and Methods. Publications on surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis for the last 40 years were analyzed taking into account different treatment approaches. The long-term results of surgical correction and complications occurred at different stages of the vertebrology development were reviewed based on the data of 23 publications including data on 826 patients aged 10 to 14 years in the period of active growth. Results. The prevalence of anterior interventions such as discectomy and anterior spinal fusion at the early stages of the scoliosis surgery development was justified. This was due to the lack of instrumentation at that time to prevent postoperative progression of scoliotic deformity in growing patients. The occurrence of crankshaft phenomenon was prevented by performing intraoperative spine release and subsequent stabilization owing to the formation of interbody bone block. Conclusion. Despite the fact that the method of total transpedicular fixation occupies a leading position at the present stage of scoliosis surgery evolution, the anterior spinal release remains relevant and necessary stage of surgical treatment of patients with severe and rigid spinal deformities at any age. The need for anterior intervention is determined not by the prevention of possible postoperative progression, but by the magnitude of spinal deformity, that is, anterior surgery is performed to mobilize severe and rigid scoliotic deformity. Цель исследования. Систематический обзор публикаций, посвященных оценке результатов хирургического лечения подростков 10-14 лет с идиопатическим сколиозом. Материал и методы. С учетом различных методов лечения проанализированы публикации последних 40 лет, посвященные хирургии идиопатического сколиоза у подростков. По данным 23 публикаций, включающих сведения о 826 пациентах в возрасте от 10 до 14 лет в период активного роста, рассмотрены отдаленные результаты оперативной коррекции и возможные осложнения на разных этапах становления вертебрологии. Результаты. Широкая распространенность вентральных вмешательств, включающих дискэктомию и передний спондилодез, на ранних этапах становления хирургии сколиоза вполне оправдана. Это обусловлено отсутствием на тот момент инструментария, позволяющего предотвратить послеоперационное прогрессирование сколиотической деформации у растущих пациентов. С целью профилактики феномена коленчатого вала выполняли интраоперационную мобилизацию позвоночника и его стабилизацию в последующем за счет формирования межтелового костного блока. Заключение. Несмотря на то что метод тотальной транспедикулярной фиксации на современном этапе развития хирургии сколиоза занимает лидирующие позиции, вентральная мобилизация остается актуальным и необходимым этапом хирургического лечения пациентов с тяжелыми и ригидными деформациями позвоночника в любом возрасте. Необходимость вентрального вмеша...

The paper presents a completed case of the surgical treatment of a 10-year-old female patient with progressive grade IV idiopathic scoliosis who underwent surgical correction using total transpedicular fixation. The paper demonstrates long-term results of treatment of idiopathic scoliosis in the actively growing patient without the use of epiphyseodesis and staged surgical interventions.

BACKGROUND: Today, the question of the tactics of surgical treatment of patients with idiopathic scoliosis during active bone growth, namely, the need for ventral interventions due to the emergence of modern dorsal instruments, remains open. AIM: This study aims to evaluate the role of ventral interventions in the surgical treatment of patients with progressive idiopathic scoliosis Lenke type 1, 2, 3 during the period of active bone growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The long-term results of operational correction 352 patients with thoracic idiopathic scoliosis aged from 10 to 14 years old operated in Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan from 1998 to 2018 using various methods and different instrumentation types. RESULTS: Among patients (352 people) aged 10 to 14 years with idiopathic thoracic scoliosis (Lenke type 1, 2, 3), statistically significant postoperative progression was observed in patients who underwent surgical deformity correction using laminar (hook) fixation. At the same time, additional ventral stage conduction could not prevent deformity progression in the postoperative period. In those groups where hybrid fixation was used combined with the ventral stage and total transpedicular fixation, no significant progression was observed in the postoperative period. CONCLUSION: Modern dorsal systems for transpedicular fixation narrow the indications for using additional mobilizing and stabilizing ventral interventions in the surgical treatment of progressive idiopathic scoliosis in patients with active bone growth. Total transpedicular fixation provides excellent main curve and anti-curvature arch correction in the absence of scoliotic deformity progression in the postoperative long-term follow-up.

Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of surgical treatment results for idiopathic thoracic scoliosis in patients during active bone growth and to identify the most effective methods of scoliosis correction for the considered age group.Material and Methods. The results of surgical treatment of 343 patients aged 10–14 years with continued active growth and progressive idiopathic thoracic scoliosis were analyzed. The patients were operated on in 1998–2018 using five surgical techniques: hybrid fixation with and without anterior stage, transpedicular fixation, and laminar fixation with and without anterior stage.Results. Statistically significant deformity progression was observed in patients operated on using laminar (Group IV) and hybrid (Group I) fixation. An additional anterior stage (discectomy and interbody fusion) in combination with laminar fixation (Group V) does not prevent deformity progression after surgery. In patients who underwent hybrid fixation in combination with the anterior stage (Group II) or total transpedicular fixation (Group III), no statistically significant progression of scoliotic deformity was observed in the postoperative period. Patients operated on with total transpedicular fixation (Group III) show improvement in all domains of the SRS-24 questionnaire: no increase in pain throughout the entire follow-up period, higher assessment of appearance after surgery and satisfaction with the treatment result. In groups II and III, there was no negative dynamics of topographic parameters in the long-term period after treatment; the initial correction of the deformity was maintained throughout the entire postoperative follow-up.Conclusion. Total transpedicular fixation provides the best correction of scoliosis in the absence of progression in the long-term postoperative follow-up in children during the period of active bone growth (age 10–14 years). According to the survey data, patients operated on with total transpedicular fixation demonstrate improvement in the following domains: the absence of pain syndrome throughout the entire postoperative follow-up period, the highest assessment of appearance after surgery and satisfaction with the result of surgical treatment. Hybrid fixation in combination with the anterior stage and total transpedicular fixation ensure the absence of negative dynamics of topographic parameters in the long term after surgery with maintenance of the initial surgical correction of spinal deformity.