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In order to accomplish cost-efficient management of complex optical communication networks, operators are seeking automation of network diagnosis and management by means of Machine Learning (ML). To support these objectives, new functions are needed to enable cognitive, autonomous management of optical network security. This paper focuses on the challenges related to the performance of ML-based approaches for detection and localization of optical-layer attacks, and to their integration with standard Network Management Systems (NMSs). We propose a framework for cognitive security diagnostics that comprises an attack detection module with Supervised Learning (SL), Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) and Unsupervised Learning (UL) approaches, and an attack localization module that deduces the location of a harmful connection and/or a breached link. The influence of false positives and false negatives is addressed by a newly proposed Window-based Attack Detection (WAD) approach. We provide practical implementation guidelines for the integration of the framework into the NMS and evaluate its performance in an experimental network testbed subjected to attacks, resulting with the largest optical-layer security experimental dataset reported to date.

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Abstract-This paper reports on the architectural, protocol, physical layer and integrated testbed demonstrations carried out by the DISCUS FP7 consortium in the area of accessmetro network convergence. Our architecture modelling results show the vast potential for cost and power savings that node consolidation can bring. The architecture however also recognises the limitations of long-reach transmission for low latency 5G services, and proposes how to address such shortcomings in future projects. The testbed results, which have been conducted end-to-end, across access-metro and core, and have targeted all the layers of the network, from the application down to the physical layer, show the practical feasibility of the concepts proposed in the project.Index Terms-access metro, network convergence, fixed mobile convergence, long-reach PON, flat optical core, optical island, 5G architecture, next generation multi wavelength PON.

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