Th e aim of the present study was to investigate the preemptive analgesic eff ects of intraperitoneally administrated midazolam and diclofenac, before acute and infl ammatory induced pain in rat model. One hundred twenty-eight (n= in each group) male Sprague Dawley rats were included in the study. Paw movements in response to thermal stimulation or paw fl inching in response to formalin injection were compared after midazolam (., ,  and  mg/kg) and diclofenac ( mg/ kg), intraperitoneal administration. Saline was used as a control. Preemptive analgesic eff ect was signifi cant in both tests when diclofenac and midazolam was administrated before the pain stimuli (p<. and p<.). Intraperitoneal injection of midazolam in doses  and  mg/kg, increase the response time in hot plate test and decrease the number of fl inches in formalin test (p<. vs. p<.). ED of midazolam (with diclofenac) in hot plate test was . mg/kg (CI =-.-. mg); and, . mg/kg (CI =-.-. mg) in phase I and . mg/kg (CI = .-. mg) in phase II, in formalin test. Intraperitoneally administered midazolam and diclofenac had preemptive analgesic eff ects on acute thermal, and infl ammatory induced pain in rats.

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pre-emptive analgesic effect and duration of postoperative analgesia after caudal blocks in children. Method: Forty-five children undergoing distal hypospadias surgery were assigned to group 1 (n = 23), and received caudal 0.25% bupivacaine 0.5 mg/kg and midazolam 0.05 mg/kg before the surgical incision. Group 2 (n = 22) received caudal 0.25% bupivacaine 0.5 mg/kg and midazolam 0.05 mg/kg at the end of surgery. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and fentanyl and maintained with sevoflurane and nitrous oxide. Postoperative pain was rated on an objective paediatric pain scale. Results: The analgesic requirement was greater in the second group. Conclusion: Pre-emptive analgesia with caudal blocks may prevent the intensity and frequency of postoperative wound pain.

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