To determine the relationship of arginine with lysine for Japanese quails during the period of production, an experiment was conducted using 360 subspecies of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) with 162 days of age, distributed in a completely randomized design. Diets were formulated with corn, soybean meal, sorghum and wheat bran containing 20.0% crude protein and 2,800 kcal ME/kg. The basal diet contained suboptimal level of lysine equal to 1% and was supplemented with five levels of L-arginine 99% (0.032; 0.083; 0.134; 0.185 and 0.236%) to replace the glutamic acid, corresponding to the relationship of arginine with digestible lysine of 1.16, 1.21, 1.26, 1.31 and 1.36. The parameters studied were: feed intake, egg production per hen/day, egg production per hen housed, commercial egg production, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion by egg mass, feed conversion per dozen eggs, weight and percentage of components of the eggs (yolk, albumen and shell) and specific gravity. There was no significant effect on the relationship of arginine with digestible lysine in the diet of Japanese quails for any of the parameters examined. The arginine/lysine ratio of 1.16, which corresponds to a daily intake of 288.84 mg of arginine, provides satisfactory performance and egg quality of Japanese quails

A B S T R A C TThis study was conducted with the aim of monitoring NH 3 emissions from a mechanically and a naturally ventilated broiler house (MVB and NVB, respectively) and calculate their ammonia emission factors (f NH3 ). Bird stocking density was 13.5 and 11.1 birds m -2 for the MVB and NVB, respectively. The marketing age was 43 days and bedding consisted of dried coffee husks in its first time of use. Ventilation rates were calculated with the metabolic carbon dioxide mass balance method. Values of f NH3 were 0.32 ± 0.10 and 0.27 ± 0.07 g bird -1 d -1 for the MVB and NVB, respectively, and are in agreement to what was presented in other studies performed under similar conditions. The f NH3 estimated on yearly basis was 58 g bird-place -1 year -1. It was concluded that the different types of ventilation system between the studied broiler barns did not significantly affect emissions in the modeling process. The results obtained help providing reliable methodology for the determination of a solid database on NH 3 emission factors for tropical conditions that can be used for future inventories, when performed in a sufficient number of barns that is representative for the Brazilian scenario.Emissão de amônia de galpões de frangos de corte com ventilação natural e mecânica no Brasil R E S U M O Este estudo foi conduzido com o propósito de monitorar a emissão de amônia (NH 3 ) de um galpão de frango de corte com ventilação mecânica e outro com ventilação natural (GVM e GVN, respectivamente) e, por fim, calcular seus fatores de emissão de NH 3 (f NH3 ). A densidade de alojamento das aves foi 13.5 e 11.1 aves m -2 para o GVM e GVN, respectivamente. As aves foram removidas para o abate aos 43 dias e a cama consistiu de casca de café, em primeiro uso. As taxas de ventilação nos galpões foram calculadas com base no método do balanço de dióxido de carbono. Os valores de f NH3 obtidos foram 0.32 ± 0.10 e 0.27 ± 0.07 g ave -1 d -1 para o GVM e GVN, respectivamente, e estão de acordo com o que foi apresentado em outros estudos independentes, realizados em condições similares. O valor estimado de f NH3 em base anual foi 58 g ave-alocada -1 ano -1. Concluiu-se que o tipo de sistema de ventilação adotado em cada galpão não afetou, de modo significativo, a parametrização da equação de emissão no processo de modelagem. Os resultados validam a acurácia da metodologia de determinação da emissão de amônia para galpões nas condições brasileiras e contribuem para a formação de base de dados confiável de fatores de emissão em climas tropicais, quando aplicada em um número suficiente de galpões que seja representativo do cenário brasileiro.

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Desempenho de frangos caipiras alimentados com rações contendo diferentes níveis de energia metabolizável