Введение. В статье рассматриваются основные показатели использования информационно-коммуникационных технологий бизнесом, домашними хозяйствами и населением федеральных округов Российской Федерации. Методы исследования. Исследование осуществлено на основе анализа и сопоставления статистической информации о распространении информационно-коммуникационных технологий по федеральным округам РФ. В качестве информационной базы использованы материалы Росстата, сборники по статистике науки информационного общества Росстата совместно с НИУ ВШЭ, годовые отчеты телекоммуникационных компаний. Результаты и обсуждение. Предложены комплексные индексы «цифровизации» федеральных округов с точки зрения использования информационно-коммуникационных технологий организациями и населением. На основе этих комплексных показателей выделены три группы федеральных округов: со значением индекса выше среднероссийского, близкого к среднероссийскому и ниже него. Для этих групп рассчитаны основные социально-экономические показатели и показана взаимосвязь между уровнем жизни населения федерального округа и индексом «цифровизации». В качестве характеристики доступности информационно-коммуникационных технологий для населения федеральных округов рассчитаны показатели скорости и абонентской платы за доступ в Интернет относительно соответствующих показателей г. Москвы. Также проанализирована экономическая деятельность основных компаний, предоставляющих телекоммуникационные услуги в федеральных округах РФ. Заключение. Несмотря на положительные тенденции последнего времени, существует большой разрыв между федеральными округами по уровню распространения информационно-коммуникационных технологий. Разный уровень «цифровизации» федеральных округов тесно связан с неравномерностью их социально-экономического развития. Это негативно сказывается на условиях жизни граждан страны, ограничивает возможности жителей отдельных регионов в поиске работы, получении дистанционного образования, ведении бизнеса, продвижения своих товаров и услуг. Для сокращения отставания третьей группы федеральных округов рекомендуется уделить особое внимание развитию их человеческого This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ MATHEMATICAL METHODS OF ECONOMICS

Subject. The article analyzes development trends in certain types of service robots, namely, hybrid UAVs, bionic prosthetic hands, robotic vacuum cleaners. Objectives. We focus on identifying the main trends in the development of certain types of service robots, building dynamic models of their technical indicators and models of dependence of their price and weight on absolute characteristics and technical parameters. Methods. The study employs methods of correlation and multiple regression analysis. The data of the IFR, the Remotely Piloted Aircraft System, and websites of robot manufacturers serve as the informational basis of the paper. Results. The modeling unveils positive correlation between the integrated indicator of the technical level of hybrid UAVs of convertiplane type and the wingspan. The analysis of modern bionic prosthetic hands shows that the developers focus on optimizing the structure of the prosthetic, however, as the functions of the hand improve, the weight of bionic hand increases. The main factors influencing the price of robot vacuum cleaners are their power, weight, and operating hours. Conclusions. The unit price of a complex indicator of the technical level of hybrid UAVs is lower than the corresponding indicator of fixed-wing UAVs, reflecting a greater efficiency of hybrid UAVs. The analysis of technical indicators of robotic prosthetics (using the case of bionic hands) shows that any improvement of functional characteristics leads to deterioration of weight. The analysis of technical and economic indicators of robotic vacuum cleaners reveals a positive correlation between the price and weight, operating hours and power.

Introduction. Digital technologies have become an integral part of the educational process in the modern world. The coronavirus pandemic accelerated their spread, allowed their new features to be tested, their advantages to be assessed and bottlenecks identified. It is thus relevant to develop regulatory measures to timely address the negative effects of global distance education and to take advantage of all its positive aspects. Methods. The study was conducted using regression analysis techniques. The monitoring data of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) for 2009, 2012 and 2018 were used as a source of information (The PISA 2018 survey is currently the most recent one). These data were used to investigate the impact of the spread of digital technologies on the education quality metrics (reading literacy and numeracy) of students aged 15–16. To assess the spread of digital technologies, the following metrics were applied: the time spent by students on the Internet in an educational institution (2012 and 2018), the number of personal computers per student (2009 and 2012) and the share of students having a PC or a laptop at home (2009, 2012 and 2018). The share of spending per student in total public expenditure (2009 and 2012) and the share of teachers who have completed professional development courses in the last 3 months (2018) were also used for the analysis. Results and Discussion. The regression models constructed reflected the dual impact of digital technology on the quality of education. On the one hand, the use of PCs and laptops contributed to the higher levels of literacy and numeracy of students; on the other hand, the time spent on the Internet in school and at home during the school week had a negative impact on these indicators. In addition, a significant positive impact of the share of government spending per student in GDP per capita and teacher qualifications on testing results was established. Conclusion. Digital technologies and new devices have radically changed modern education. They help students develop technological skills, use their learning gains and share their knowledge. However, it is important to take into account that the quality of education may deteriorate due to the impact of digital technologies and to take timely governmental regulatory measures to prevent this.

The article examines the impact of innovative activity indicators of Russian regions, as well as the level of their digitalization on economic growth. As indicators characterizing innovative activity, both absolute (the advanced production technologies used, the number of received patents and titles of protection for intellectual property, etc.) and specific indicators (costs for innovative activities of organizations per 1 used advanced production technology) are considered. , the availability of scientific equipment of organizations that carry out research and development, at the full accounting cost at the end of the year, per 1 researcher, etc.) are considers. To characterize the degree of digitalization of organizations in the regions, a complex indicator is used that takes into account the presence in them of fixed and mobile broadband Internet access, extranet and the use of servers by them.

The article analyzes the level of robotization and the state of robotic education in different countries, their importance at the present stage of development of industry, services and other sectors of the economy. In a technological society in which robotics is actively introduced into everyday life, education should be aimed at developing the skills necessary to work with robots and intelligent automation systems. Under the sanctions imposed against Russia, the development of domestic industrial and service robots is especially important, and this requires qualified specialists and technicians.