St. Kliment Ohridski"Резюме. В изследването се предлага формална и семантична класификация на конструкциите с предикатив и аргумент експериенцер. Прави се синтактично описание на отделните типове конструкции с предикатив. Представят се аргументната структура на конструкциите, семантичните роли на техните аргументи, както и възможните комплементи. Направените изводи се основават предимно на данни от Българския национален корпус.

No abstract

The internal structure of the situations described by verbs or verbal phrases determines the lexical aspect (or Aktionsart) of the particular predicate. The main topic of our study is the syntactic structure of verbal predicates denoting perceptions, emotions, and mental states, e.g. гледам (see), чувам (hear); обичам (love), обожавам (adore), радвам се (be happy/glad), безпокоя се (worry), плаша се (be afraid/scared); желая (desire), вярвам (believe). The objectives of our study are to propose a syntactic model of state predicates represented by verbs of perception, emotions, and mental states and to determine the number, type, and semantics of their arguments (subject, direct, and indirect objects). Our aim is also to test the hypothesis of dependence between lexical semantics and syntactic realizations of state predicates.

The paper presents a contrastive analysis of the possibilities of forming inchoative verbs from state predicates in Bulgarian and Russian. The derivational patterns under consideration are much more productive in Bulgarian, but the aspectual properties of predicates impose significant constraints on their combinability with inchoative prefixes in both languages. The possibility of forming an inchoative verb can serve as a reliable diagnostic of a predicate’s membership to a particular ontological category within the semantic typology of predicates.

This study deals with the syntactic features of predicates describing stative eventualities. We present an overview of the possibilities for syntactic realization of verbal arguments within a framework of a semantic (thematic) classification of Bulgarian verbs based on their primary lexical meanings. Following the main principles of Role and Reference Grammar (RRG), we test the hypothesis that predicates belonging to a given thematic group have similar syntactic behavior. The analysis is focused on one-, two-and three-place predicates. Verbs such as седя (sit), лежа (lie), стоя (stand), спя (sleep), блестя (shine), мириша (smell) have oneargument structure. Their single argument occupies the subject position. Two-place predicates are represented by verbs from two subgroups: predicates with a subject and a direct object, e.g. обичам (love), харесвам (like), виждам (see), чувам (hear), чувствам (feel), усещам (sense), желая (wish), искам (want), мразя (hate), помня (remember), and predicates with a subject and an indirect object, e.g. вярвам (believe), надявам се (hope), нуждая се (need), тревожа се (worry), жадувам (crave), радвам се (be happy), вълнувам се (be excited), притеснявам се (worry), гордея се (be proud), срамувам се (be ashamed), плаша се (be afraid), страхувам се (fear). Besides these two groups of predicates, we also consider the possibility for some of the verbs to have three-argument realization. With знам (know)-type verbs, the direct object must be expressed and the indirect object may remain syntactically implicit, while with мисля (think)-type verbs the indirect object has to be represented overtly, but the direct object does not. The alternation of prepositions is also discussed in the text.