No abstract

The modern development of the Russian economy is characterized by conditions of socio-ecological and economic development, which create the preconditions for the formation of such a system of using natural resources in the processes of industrial production and consumption, which will be distinguished by rationality, ensure not only environmental, but also economic security of society, the well-being of the present and future generations of the population, assume the creation of necessary and sufficient conditions for sustainable development, which, in turn, will require the introduction of not only economic, technical, technological, social and other transformations, but also changes in the mechanisms of state control and regulation of investment processes of environmental orientation. In our opinion, the greatest improvement should be subject to the regulatory and legal mechanism of both state regulation and, in particular, local public self-government. This need is explained by the fact that in the territories of municipalities, there are sources of environmental pollution and industrial enterprises implementing eco-efficient investment projects. However, as the analysis of the regulatory framework has shown, almost all documents regulating the activities of municipal government bodies in the investment and environmental spheres are approved by laws and resolutions of the governments of the regions in which the municipalities are located. Hence, it can be concluded that the improvement of the regulatory mechanism of state and public regulation should be carried out in a comprehensive manner for both the regional and municipal levels of government.

The sustainable growth of the modern economy is based on socio-ecological and economic development. One of the key development trends on a global scale is the formation of an innovative type of economy, and, as a consequence, in the process of economic development of most countries, including Russia, the need to create an institutional environment corresponding to a new type of economic growth comes to the fore. Accordingly, the need to create an adequate, adaptive to regional characteristics, assessment of the institutional environment of the region, to create mechanisms for its measurement, to establish indicators of efficiency increases. Firstly, indicators of the effectiveness of institutions will make it possible to visualize the process of development of the region and thereby increase its investment attractiveness. These indicators will stimulate the interest of business representatives and, first of all, those who are ready to invest their funds and are looking for territories that satisfy them according to all the criteria necessary for successful commercial activity and profit in the future. Secondly, measuring the effectiveness of regional institutions allows federal authorities, the public, and even various international financial organizations and aid funds that provide loans and multifaceted support, including admission to clubs in the developed world, to adequately assess the activities of local power structures, for which the growth of institutional indicators in the region is one of the key intentions contributing to the increase of their authority and the attractiveness of the territory as a whole. Thirdly, the assessment of the institutional environment allows specialists, on the basis of available indicators, to determine both the advantages and advantageous competitive positions of the economic system as a whole and its vulnerabilities, make sound economic forecasts for the near future and analyze the impact of such factors as the state politics, social structure, traditions, moral norms, history, geography, and natural resources on the state of the institutional environment.

The article proposes and formulates the basic principles for the formation of more advanced state legal and economic mechanisms for regulating effective investment activity, including comparability, continuity, complexity, profitability, adequacy and differentiation of real investment projects implemented at industrial enterprises in the region. The interrelation and interdependence of the degree of awareness of environmental problems in society, push and pull factors of influence on the investment activity of an industrial enterprise, its investment opportunities / potential / and risks are reflected. A new principle has been proposed, which we propose to put as the basis for optimizing and intensifying the economic and institutional regulation by the state of investment processes aimed at making long-term and short-term investments by investors in the development of economic activity, planning and practical implementation of promising and high-tech environmental projects - the principle of competitiveness. The fact is that attempts to implement environmentally friendly investment projects at existing industrial enterprises are faced with a mismatch between environmental and economic tasks, since large-scale actions to preserve nature and ensure environmental safety involve additional costs, which in turn will entail an increase in the cost of goods and, accordingly, reduce its competitiveness. It has been proven that ecological and economic tasks are absolutely equivalent and at the same time harmoniously complement each other. As a result of their interaction, a synergistic effect is formed, which should cause an increase in the competitiveness of the enterprise, since a fundamentally new development potential is formed, which, in addition to investment, also contains an environmental component.

The article presents a methodology for the formation of a system for early recognition of signals that characterize the occurrence of environmental and economic problems and the need to develop and implement environmental investment projects at industrial enterprises in the region, including a set of methods for obtaining, processing and analyzing information in the form of a sequence of five stages. The first stage is the search and primary processing of information. The second stage involves recognizing the position of the industrial enterprise and identifying problems. At the third stage, it is necessary to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the competitive position, the opportunities and threats of investment in environmental protection. The fourth stage makes it possible to determine the most likely scenario for the investment activity strategy. The essence of the fifth stage is the formation of a program to improve the mechanisms of institutional regulation of investment activity at all levels of management. An analysis of the strategic potential can be carried out in the form of an analysis of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats only using the factors influencing environmentally oriented investment activities. In the process of strategic analysis, the degree of readiness of an industrial enterprise, all industrial enterprises in the region to implement the new requirements of ISO 9001:2000 quality management, ISO 14001 environmental management and the developed international standard ISO 19011, which combines the requirements of the two previous management standards, was clarified. The article shows that strategic analysis and environmental audit are interrelated and require simultaneous strategic control.