Surgical site infection   (SSI)  represents a concerning for all surgeons because  both the  unfavorable  impact on health care costs and risk factors  that  increase the durations of wound healing and  SSI rate. A review of PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar has been made. The keywords used were related to surgical site infection prevetion. SSIs have a raised incidence in abdominal surgery because of the fact that many types of bacterias live in the gastrointestinal tract and during a surgical procedure some may escape and cause an infection. There is a high risk of postoperatory infections in gastric surgery due to intestinal anastomoses which are predisposed to leakage. In hernia repair surgery there is a higher rate of SSIs than expected for a clean procedure, and one risk factor may be represented by the prosthetic device used. On the other hand, in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, there is a very low risk of SSI and antibioprophylaxis is not recommended. But the most contaminated procedure with the highest risk of infectious complications is colorectal surgery, which requieres a combination of antibiotics because of the numerous types of microorganism. Abdominal surgery comprises different techniques and involves most elements of the gastrointestinal tract. Some procedures need antibiotic prophylaxis and in others antibiotic administration is even prohibited. The most effective antibiotics are first and second-generation cephalosporins.

Alcohol consumption alters one’s consciousness and may lead to accidents and traumatic events with deadly consequences. We aimed to analyze the most recent information available in WHO databases about overall mortality rates and alcohol consumption in European countries. The parameters taken into account were the total number of deaths by trauma, alcohol consumption per capita, prevalence of heavy drinking episodes and national legal blood alcohol concentration while drinking The mortality rate by trauma is influenced by many factors and alcohol intoxication could be one of them. Our analysis shows a moderate correlation between overall alchool consumption and death by trauma in Europe in 2015. There are studies who show a positive effect of alcohol consmption on the overall chance of survival after trauma. Chronic consumption is associated with an increase in mortality. Nonetheless, further research is needed and strongly encouraged.

Diabetes is, generally speaking, a contraindication for conservative treatment concerning caries with pulp exposure. In certain situations, we can successfully use the pulp capping if we assure some conditions (asepsis, young patients).* This study shows the advantages and disadvantages of this kind of treatment. We studied 60 patients (34 female and 26 male) aged between 25 and 35 years old, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and who are under control through treatment. We undertook 68 pulps capping on teeth with caries that were exposing the pulp chamber during the conservative treatment. Of the 68 cases 26 cases (38.2%) were successful, part of patients 17 cases (65.38%) aged between 25 and 30 years and 9 cases (34.6%) aged between 30 and 35 years. * 31 cases (45.5%) unsuccessful part of them 10 cases (32.2%) aged 25-30 years and 21 cases (67.74%) aged 30-35 years. * 11 uncertain outcome cases (16.3) aged 30-35. * Pulp capping can be successfully made in young patients 25-35 years with insulin-dependent diabetes, if we can obtain some conditions: optimal time for intervention, patient under adequate medication, patient with good oral hygiene, direct access to the teeth, the teeth is not good a candidate for prosthetic reconstruction, the patient is aware that the therapy may be unsuccessful.