Despite extensive research into attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), parents' constructions of their children's behaviors have received limited attention. This is particularly true outside North American contexts, where ADHD is less established historically. Our research demonstrates how United Kingdom parents made sense of ADHD and their own identities postdiagnosis. Using discourse analysis from interviews with 12 parents, we show that they drew from biological and social environmental repertoires when talking about their child's condition, paralleling repertoires found circulating in the United Kingdom media. However, in the context of parental narratives, both these repertoires were difficult for parents to support and involved problematic subject positions for parental accountability in the child's behavior. In this article we focus on the strategies parents used to negotiate these troublesome identities and construct accounts of moral and legitimate parenting in a context in which uncertainties surrounding ADHD existed and parenting was scrutinized.
Objective: A primary brain tumour diagnosis is known to elicit higher distress than other forms of cancer and is related to high depressive symptomatology. Using a cross-sectional design, the present study explored how individuals cope with this diagnosis using an attachment theory framework. Attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance were hypothesised to be positively related to helplessness/hopelessness, anxious preoccupation, and cognitive avoidance; and negatively related to fighting spirit and fatalism coping. We proposed perceived social support to play a mediating role in those associations. Methods: Four hundred and eighty participants diagnosed with primary brain tumours completed the Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (Mini-MAC), the Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire-Revised (ECR-R), and the modified Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Scale (mMOS-SSS) online.Results: Lower perceived social support mediated the positive associations between both higher attachment anxiety and avoidance and higher helpless/hopeless coping.Attachment anxiety was also positively associated with anxious preoccupation. This relationship was not mediated by perceived social support. Cognitive avoidance was unrelated to both attachment dimensions and social support. Conclusions:The findings highlight that the differences in coping repertoire are associated with social relatedness factors, specifically attachment security and its relationship to perceived social support. Implications of the findings are discussed.
The welfare state is one of the hallmarks of a civilised society. All developed countries have them and the less developed ones are striving to establish their own. Welfare states depend on a fair collection and redistribution of resources, which in turn rests upon the maintenance of trust between different sections of society and across generations. Misleading rhetoric concerning those who have to seek support from the welfare state, such as the contrast between ‘strivers’ and ‘shirkers’, risks undermining that trust and, with it, one of the key foundations of modern Britain. (Alcock et al., 2013)
Employment is crucial for people's well-being and economic growth. Promoting job creation and tackling the economic and social consequences of unemployment, underemployment and preventing social exclusion are a priority for all our countries. Although G20 countries are at different stages of development and there is no "one size fits all" labour market policy, G20 countries will benefit from well-designed, integrated and consistent public policies. 1Since 2008, the global economic and financial crisis and subsequent austerity measures are estimated to have resulted in the loss of 10 million jobs across Europe. 2 Moreover, fiscal consolidation measures have led to reductions in funding for social security and related labour market measures across most European welfare settings. 3 Within these constraints, innovative social security and labour market measures have been developed to enable inclusivity whilst also promoting the structural resilience of labour markets to economic recession. Structural issues of underemployment and wage depression have significantly intensified this challenge.For the purposes of this themed issue, a pragmatic definition of innovation where "mainstream" policies within specific national contexts serve as the point of reference for qualifying policies as "new" or innovative is adopted.Critically addressing the underlying rationale, scope and impacts of specific social security and employment measures across a number of European countries, this themed issue aims to assess the characteristics and impact of innovative social security and employment policies in promoting key labour market objectives. These key objectives include the use of short-term policy instruments to
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