This study aimed at describing patients' perception of their communication with nurses when performing home dialysis. Data were collected from interviews guided by the question: "What is communication like, between you and nurses, during home dialysis treatment?" Results show participants' perception of treatment during home peritoneal dialysis [Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)]; relationship with nurses and family and the effects of treatment on one's existence. Patients can be self-caring and they learn to value the autonomy in their own care. However, some are unable to assume the responsibility for self-care. It was discovered that the connotation of "inspection" that some participants attributed to the nurse's visits, led to an alienation from the education process in the CAPD education. Findings suggest that effective communication and the development of the relationship of a working partnership with patients is crucial. Improvement in the nurses' communication, aiming at adapting it to the characteristics, limitations and specific needs of each patient, is significant for achieving better outcomes.
The aim of the present study was to describe the experience of patients undergoing haemodialysis starting from their own perception. A qualitative perspective using Merleau Ponty's Existential Phenomenology was considered to be the most appropriate methodology for this study. Fifteen patients were interviewed in a haemodialysis unit at a Brazilian teaching hospital. Interviews were based on the question 'What does the experience of living with a haemodialysis machine mean?' Convergences in speeches were grouped into three categories: the machine, improvement in quality of life, reflection on patients' experience. These findings show the existential reality patients experience. A haemodialysis machine dictates their lives: they have to accept strict rules controlled by a team of healthcare providers. They realize it has to be so and there is no way out. It is the only way to get some relief from the symptoms of the disease. The feeling is mostly acceptance of the condition. Healthcare providers' dedication is recognized. Some participants complain bout painful procedures, others deny them, others fantasize the reality. An essential piece of information is the lack of future perspectives; few patients mentioned the possibility of a transplant or the possibility of carrying out their own care. The study may contribute in outlining new perspectives for nurses to understand the needs of patients undergoing haemodialysis. An approach accepting patients' views will probably bring awareness to patients as to the possibilities of helping with their own treatment.
LORENÇON, M. Auto-percepção de aluna de enfermagem ao desenvolver relação de ajuda a familiares de criança em fase terminal. Rev.latino-am.enfermagem, Ribeirão Preto, v. 6, n. 4, p. 57-65, outubro 1998. INTRODUÇÃOA enfermeira, ao cuidar de criança em fase terminal, depara-se com a angústia e a dor dos familiares, assim como com a sua própria dificuldade em lidar com esta situação. Particularmente por tratar-se de criança, é freqüente o envolvimento emocional e a dor pela perda do paciente.Devido à natureza da sua atividade, a enfermeira está ativamente envolvida na situação e com freqüência age intuitivamente no cuidado da criança e no apoio aos seus familiares (GROOT-BOLLÜJT & MOURIK,1993). É importante combinar a sensibilidade ao conhecimento teórico, com a finalidade de oferecer uma assistência de enfermagem planejada e estruturada, visando a orientação aos familiares a respeito do que ocorre e estimulando a expressão do seus sentimentos.Segundo KÜBLER-ROSS (1987), os familiares de crianças gravemente enfermas experimentam sentimentos diante da ameaça da perda de uma forma semelhante a todos os seres humanos defrontando com situações trágicas. Inicialmente, o choque leva à negação, que se caracteriza pela recusa em aceitar a realidade. Seguem-se sentimentos de raiva contra a equipe, contra eles próprios, contra Deus. Tentam a seguir barganhar, fazendo concessões, tentando adiar o inevitável. Conscientizando-se da realidade dos fatos, a raiva dá lugar ao sentimento de tristeza e desânimo, como se já antecipassem a perda. Este processo todo poderá levar à aceitação, que promove a redução da angústia e a possibilidade de expectativa do que ocorrerá, com uma relativa tranqüilidade. Neste caminhar dos familiares ao lado da criança em fase terminal, a equipe que a assiste deve centrar-se na intervenção e na informação clara e verdadeira sobre o que ocorre, procurando um equilíbrio cuidadoso entre manter a família na realidade, respeitar e estimular para que mantenham a esperança (ZAVASCHI, 1993).São poucos trabalhos na literatura que tratam especificamente do relacionamento que se estabelece entre enfermeira e os familiares de criança em fase terminal. Dentre eles, podemos citar alguns que se preocupam com os aspectos que estudamos.
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