No abstract

The paper examines the use of proverbs and phraseological units in Ivan Vazov's novel “Under the Yoke” and their rendering in the English and Russian translations of the novel. It studies the specifics of proverbs and the types of phraseological units as well as similes which have been excerpted from the English and Russian translations of the novel. The approaches of their rendering in these languages and the explanation of the reasons for their absence (if any) in the translation are also discussed. The paper focuses on the difficulties a translator may have when translating proverbs and phraseological units into another language. This is because these linguistic elements reflect a people’s life – their cultural, social, historical development, which poses a serious challenge for a translator to find an equivalent in a language quite different from the one in study. The study tries to discuss the most appropriate approaches a translator into English and Russian may use so as to render the specific meaning of the proverb, phraseological unit or simile without losing their “native flavor”. The theoretical framework is mainly based on the study of realias (or "non-equivalent vocabulary") by S. Vlahov and S. Florin in their book "The Untranslatable in Translation".

e influence of the Internet can be felt in all aspects of our lives – people live online, read online, getinformed and even get married online. Online communication has become our main source of exchanging ideas, getting information and even broadening our personal vocabulary. The language of the Internet has started being used on a daily basis, notwithstanding the age, status and occupation of the people involved in this kind of communication. In fact, the ones that appear to be most influenced by the Internet language are the younger generation. Not surprisingly, their imagination can becompared to a deep well abounding in new words and phrases that they automatically adopt in their everyday conversations using various Internet platforms. Even before youngsters can speak English, they start using certain phrases so as to sound cool and attractive, thus receiving more attention. And since the language on the Internet is a language of active communication, the hereby presented paper deals with the coinage of a new group of verbs in Bulgarian and Russian which have entered the youth slang, namely verbs such as хейтвам, лайквам, фейсбуквам (Bulgarian) ; апгрейдить, блинковать, юзать (Russian). Their appearance is influenced by the Internet and social media, which have proven to be a constant part of the life of teenagers, as well as English, which is the language of the Internet. What is investigated are the reasons for the coinage of this group of neologisms in both languages of interest, their word-formative patterns, and the peculiarities in their usage in Bulgarian and Russian.

Slavic languages as a whole are famous for the widespread use of diminutive forms and the variety of emotive-expressive nuances that diminutives can convey. During the age of the Bulgarian Renaissance (18th - 19th century) the use of diminutives was a characteristic feature of the language, whereas after that period their use in the literary language decreased significantly. Due to the fact that Ivan Vazov wrote his historical novel in 1889-1890, the text abounds in diminutive forms, which is characteristic for Bulgarian writers of that period. The paper studies the word-formative patterns of diminutive words excerpted from Ivan Vazov's novel "Under the Yoke" and their rendering in the Russian translation of the novel. An analysis of the formation and function of diminutives in the two languages is suggested. Considering the closeness of the studied languages, an attempt is made to investigate the specifics of diminutive words in Bulgarian and Russian, as well as the reasons for their omission in the Russian translation, if any. As both Bulgarian and Russian are rich in diminutive forms, the paper analyses the differences in the use of diminutives in these languages. The method of philological analysis has been used in collecting and analyzing the corpus of excerptions.