Malaysia has a significant population of migrant labour force. Out of the 5.5 million migrant workers in the country, more than half are reported to be undocumented, with the state of Sabah being home to the highest population of undocumented migrant workers majority from the Philippines and Indonesia. Since the 1970s the scale of migration increased drastically with the arrival of large number of Muslim refugees from the war-torn southern Philippines, and economic migrants from rural areas of Indonesia, in hopes of achieving better economic and food security. This steady flow of foreign labour also coincided with the state’s economic development plan which saw labour intensive sectors such as constructions, plantation and timber boom. However, when the Covid-19 pandemic began to spread in Malaysia, job opportunities drastically reduced as the government pulled the brakes on almost all economic sectors and closed off the borders. The Movement Controlled Order (MCO) announced nationwide beginning 18 March 2020 thus increased the vulnerability of the undocumented irregular migrants, as the economic threat in the form of loss of wages and movement restrictions decreased the food security of this group.

Malaysia-Indonesia belongs to the Malay kinship or rumpun Melayu as they are immediate neighbouring countries. However, being sovereign nation states, they are bound to adhere to their respective national interests as the guiding principles in the relation with one another. This paper examines the ups and downs in Malaysia-Indonesia bilateral relations from 2000 to 2010. Among the issues included in the discussion are the role of ASEAN in Malaysia-Indonesia relations, cooperation in workforce and illegal immigrants, overlapping territorial claims, terrorism, trade and investment, border cooperation as well as issues pertaining to non-diplomatic matters such as tourism, social and cultural issues. The paper is constructed based on the data collected from interviews with diplomat and officers. It concludes that although both countries belong to the same Malay kinship, national interests of both countries are distinctly different from each other because both are independent sovereign states. Accordingly, the ways in which both countries manage contentious issues through diplomatic and non-diplomatic channels are predominantly determined by their own national interests. This is the pre-dominant reason that explains conflicting nature of bilateral relations between of the two countries in the past decade.

One of the pervasive effects of globalisation is the escalating culture of technology being practised worldwide. In tandem with that, online gaming is one fraction of the global technological civilisation that has affected many consumers, particularly students. Previous studies have shown that online gaming can be a damaging addiction and consequently impact avid gamers' sleeping trends. This study is conducted to identify the ensuing relationship between online gaming and its impacts on the students' sleeping pattern. Questionnaires are distributed to 300 students between the ages 18 to 25 years old identified through purposive sampling. In this study, the quantitative approach is employed to develop a descriptive analysis that captures frequency values and score min. Besides, inference analysis is undertaken to ascertain the prevailing relationship between university students' online gaming and sleeping patterns. Factor analysis is used to analyse a total of 17 parameters impacts of online gaming. The study found three (3) factors that contribute to online gaming: the first-factor 'sleep quality', the second-factor 'duration of sleep' and third, the 'health' factor. In turn, these had led to several implications such as loss of focus or concentration during lessons and physical complications. In conclusion, this study strongly recommends that the students gain control of their behaviour by practising self-discipline to prevent them from being continuously involved in unproductive activities such as excessive online gaming. Selfdiscipline is indeed a salient practice in facing the challenges of globalised technological culture we face today.

This study focused on the role of information exposure, information consumption and individual lifestyle on the inclination towards behaviour change during the Covid-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, the number of individuals who breached the pre-determined SOP meant to curb the virus transmission kept on increasing even though the government had repeatedly reminded the citizen through various means of communication. This study aimed to answer, (i) what are the types of information exposure that would affect individual inclination towards behaviour change; (ii) what levels of information consumption would affect individual inclination towards behaviour change; and (iii) what types of lifestyles which would affect individual inclination towards behaviour change. An online survey through Google form was administered for a period of 30 days and the survey received 419 responses. Descriptive and correlation analysis were conducted. The findings showed that individuals who practised selective information exposure had significant relationship with behaviour change compared to individuals who practised news avoidance as well as individuals who actively sought information. In terms of consumption, individuals with moderate information consumption had significant and moderate relationship with inclination towards behaviour change as compared to individuals with basic and advanced information consumption. Individuals with the striver, experiencer and survivor types of lifestyles showed significant relationships with behaviour change during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study showed that there were other variables that could contribute to the behaviour change particularly in the context of health-related issues.

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