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Abstract-Massively Multi-Player On-Line Role-Playing Games (MMORPG) give us the opportunity to study two important aspects of computing: (1) large-scale virtual social interaction of people (players) and (2) the design, development and coordination of large-scale distributed artificial intelligence (AI). A common denominator for both aspects are the methods used to study them: social interaction can be described and simulated using agent-based models (ABM) whilst distributed AI is commonly modeled in terms of multi-agent systems (MAS). The important question to ask in both perspectives is how do agents organize in order to perform their tasks and reach their objectives? In the following paper we will present and overview of agent-based approaches to modeling MMORPG's agents including human players, artificial players (bots) and nonplaying characters (NPCs). We will put a special accent on useful agent behaviors, coordination and consensus mechanisms as well as organization and social network structure of agent societies.

Background: Smart buildings are one of the major application areas of technologies bound to embedded systems and the Internet of things. Such systems have to be adaptable and flexible in order to provide better services to its residents. Modelling such systems is an open research question. Herein, the question is approached using an organizational modelling methodology bound to the principles of the learning organization. Objectives: Providing a higher level of abstraction for understanding, developing and maintaining smart residential buildings in a more human understandable form. Methods/Approach: Organization theory provides us with the necessary concepts and methodology to approach complex organizational systems. Results: A set of principles for building learning agent organizations, a formalization of learning processes for agents, a framework for modelling knowledge transfer between agents and the environment, and a tailored organizational structure for smart residential buildings based on Nonaka’s hypertext organizational form. Conclusions: Organization theory is a promising field of research when dealing with complex engineering systems

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