Immunohistochemistry examination (IHC) is one of the additional tests to diagnose and determine breast cancer subtype. IHC examination is a method to check intracellular protein using a monoclonal and polyclonal antibody to detect the antigen in tissue. IHC examination determined by hormone receptor markers (ER and PR), HER-2/Neu expression, and apoptotic and proliferation markers (Ki-67 and p53) can be used to determine therapy and prognosis. This study aims to determine the hormonal status of breast cancer patient at Siloam Semanggi Hospital in 2018, in the form of age, gender, pathology diagnose, and the result of IHC (ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67). This study is a retrospective descriptive study using pathological anatomy laboratory results of breast cancer in MRCCC Siloam Semanggi Hospital and 208 patients following inclusion and exclusion criteria. The result obtained is that the age group with the highest frequency is 50-59 years, with 34.1%. The highest frequency by gender is a woman with 99.5%. Carcinoma mammae NST with grade II and III was found in 38.0% of patients. The hormonal receptor with ER and PR positive was found in 51.0% of patients. HER2 expression negative was found in 56.7% of patients. High proliferation Ki-67 was found in 82.7% of patients. Luminal B with HER2 negative subtype was found in 32.2% of patients. Patients in 50-59 years with Luminal B with HER2 negative subtype was found in 26 patients. Patients in carcinoma mammae NST with grade II with Luminal B with HER2 negative subtype was found in 27 patients. Keywords: Breast cancer, pathologic anatomy, immunohistochemistry, breast cancer subtype
Clinical manifestations and results of investigations using imaging methods for pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) are often mistaken for malignancy, so TB is referred to as a "great imitator." This study aims to describe pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB patients at the Siloam MRCCC Semanggi Cancer Specialist Hospital in 2018-2020. A retrospective study design was used in the study with a sample of 71 patients according to the inclusion criteria. The research instrument used was the archives of the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of the Siloam MRCCC Semanggi Cancer Special Hospital in 2018-2020. Pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB results were obtained in 2018 14 patients (19.7%), 31 patients (43.6%) in 2019, and 26 patients (36.7%) in 2020. Most TB occurred in the age range of 21-30 years (36.6%) and female sex (67.6%). Based on the location of the lesion, extrapulmonary TB was found in 64 patients (90.1%) and pulmonary TB in 7 patients (9.9%). Clinical diagnosis showed that 12 patients (17%) were suspected of malignancy, and 55 patients (77.4%) were not. After histopathological examination, 43 tuberculous lymphadenites (60.6%), seven bone and joint TB (9.9%), six lung TB (8.5%), four soft tissue TB (5.6%), 4 Genitourinary TB (5.6%), four gastrointestinal & peritoneal TB (5.6%), two cutaneous TB (2.8%), and one central nervous system TB (1.4%). Risk factors play an important role in the occurrence of pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB. Histopathological examination is important to exclude the possibility of malignancy in patients with pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB so that treatment can be carried out quickly and accurately.
This study aimed to investigate the differences in the pulmonary histopathology of the drowned victims in salt water and fresh water. By utilizing a post-test only control design, the research used Sprague Dawley lab rat as the main subject of the experiment. The subject would be drowned in two different types of water, which were salt water and fresh water. There were fifteen male rats which divided evenly into three separate groups. The first group was subjected to salt water, and the second group was subjected to fresh water. The last group was a control group. The result from the test was analyzed by comparing the lung tissue histopathological structure of the subject for the salt water group and the fresh water group. On the outcome, there was a significant difference between interalveolar haemorrhage in the lung of a mouse drowned in salt water and submerged in fresh water. In addition, there was over-distension of the alveoli, thinning of the alveolar septal wall in both groups. The result of the experiment showed that there was a significant interalveolar haemorrhage difference in the histopathological structure between the salt water group and the fresh water group. Keywords: pulmonary histopathology, drowning, alveolus, white rat
Cervical cancer is the second most found cancer in women in Indonesia, and every year, there are at least 40.000 cases of it. Cervical cancer can be detected early with a Pap smear test. This research aims to determine the association of a mother's knowledge regarding cervical cancer on performing Pap smear screening tests. The method used in this research is analytic cross-sectional with a total sample of 77 respondents. The result obtained is that most of the respondents, 51,9%, lack knowledge of cervical cancer, and 66,2% of them disagreed with the concept and objected to Pap smear. The statistical test with Chi-square done on SPSS shows the p-value = 0,03, proving that the association of the mother's knowledge regarding cervical cancer with the performing Pap smear screening test is significant. Keywords: Knowledge, Cervical Cancer, Pap Smear
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