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Manipulating digital optical material representations is still a difficult problem because arbitrary manipulations lead almost certainly to an unrealistic impression of the material. In this paper we present an approach to material editing based on a digital model of the V1-area of the visual cortex. The V1-model is used to define the appearance space as the space of weighted sums of the cortical-model filter responses. We will show that it is possible to transform several optical material manipulation schemes into our editing scheme. As those optical material manipulation schemes may also be physical phenomena, we may introduce a new material edit. Our argumentation will be supported by comparing editing-examples.