Se estudiaron las respuestas que dieron 200 habitantes de una ciudad del norte mexicano a un instrumento que investigaba el grado de riesgo percibido en 84 situaciones. Éstas incluían peligros potenciales debidos a la naturaleza, uso de tecnologías, conductas criminales y comportamientos personales de riesgo. Los sujetos calificaron qué tan peligrosa era cada situación para el medio ambiente físico (riesgo ambiental), para la sociedad (riesgo social) y para sí mismos (riesgo personal). Se examinaron, asi mismo, conductas de cuidado del medio ambiente reportadas por los sujetos, y algunas variables demográficas. De acuerdo con tres modelos de regresión múltiple, la percepción de riesgos ambientales parece desembocar en conductas de cuidado del ambiente, lo cual no sucede con la percepción de riesgos sociales y personales. En los tres casos, se encontró que las personas de mayor edad y con ingresos económicos más bajos perciben un mayor riesgo ambiental, social y personal. Se analizan estos resultados en el marco de posibles estrategias de prevención y afrontamiento de riesgos para el ambiente, la sociedad y los individuos en particular.
<p>El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las variables que influyen en el aprovechamiento escolar de los jóvenes. Se configuró una batería de pruebas para medir autoeficacia, autodeterminación, autorregulación, aspectos del contexto escolar y familiar, y espiritualidad. La muestra fue de 250 estudiantes regulares de nivel medio superior. Se estimaron estadísticas univariadas, se calcularon índices y se probó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales en el que se formaron 2 factores: desarrollo positivo del joven y recurso institucional familiar. La variable de contexto escolar tuvo una influencia directa en el factor familiar y este, a su vez, en el desarrollo positivo del joven, el cual afectó directamente al promedio de los alumnos.</p>
Theoretically, a positive environment (PE) includes (a) tangible and intangible resources that satisfy human needs, (b) enablers of healthy, pro-social, and pro-environmental behaviors that guarantee socio-environmental quality and wellbeing, and (c) environmental challenges that must be faced and solved. One of the most salient challenges is the global COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to investigate whether PEs can stimulate responsible actions (i.e., self-care and precautionary behaviors against COVID-19), while maintaining personal wellbeing. Nine hundred and forty-nine Mexicans participated in an online survey encompassing five primary factors: resources, enablers, challenges, responsible health behaviors, and wellbeing. The first three factors examine “resources” such as physical infrastructure as well as family and social support, “enablers” which include information about protective health practices and perceived legitimacy of authorities in handling the pandemic, and “challenges” encompassing threat perception and social pressure to not engage in precautionary measures. Participants also self-reported hedonic wellbeing as well as self-care and precautionary behaviors, which formed the “responsible (health) behavior” factor. Structural equations model (n = 714 after list-wise deletion) showed that “resources,” “challenges,” and “enablers” form a second-order factor, “positive environments,” and this factor strongly covaries with “responsible behavior” and “wellbeing.” These results suggest that PEs are not only buffers against the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic but can also stimulate effective responses against a threat while maintaining individual wellbeing. These results can be used to inform the development and maintenance of PE frameworks aimed at minimizing the spread of COVID-19 and encouraging mental and physical health.
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