We conclude that poor glycemic control (GA 29%) before starting haemodialysis is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and shortened survival in diabetic patients with ESRD.

The severity of nephritis was dependent on both subclass and dose of autoantibodies. It becomes clear that pulmonary hemorrhage in anti-GBM nephritis is induced by autoantibodies.

Chronic partial ureteral obstruction of the urinary tract is a common congenital abnormality. Yet, its impact on the function of the kidney in the young has not been examined. To determine the relationship between age at the time of injury and outcome, partial ureteral obstruction was produced in guinea pigs during the first, second, third, fourth, or fifth week of life, and several variables of glomerular, proximal and distal tubular functions were measured 4 weeks later. The results were compared with those obtained in the contralateral kidney and with those observed in age-matched sham-operated animals. There was a significant impairment in the growth of the obstructed kidney. The weight of the contralateral kidney in the experimental animals was significantly greater than that of the obstructed (P less than 0.001) or control (P less than 0.005) kidney, but compensatory hypertrophy decreased progressively with age, being 30% of control when the obstruction was produced in the second week of life and only 2% when the obstruction occurred at 5 weeks of age. Obstruction resulted in a marked reduction in GFR at all ages, the impairment being inversely proportional with age. Conversely, the increase in GFR on the contralateral side, which was proportional with the increase in renal mass, diminished from 60.1 to 20.5% (r = 0.96, P less than 0.001) as a function age. Tubular reabsorption of phosphate was significantly lower in obstructed kidneys, particularly so in the animals sustaining obstruction during the first 2 weeks of life.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Hematopoiesis in the bone marrow (BM) and spleen is controlled by stromal cells. Inflammation promotes myelopoiesis and simultaneously suppresses B lymphopoiesis. However, the role of the reciprocal regulation of myelopoiesis and B lymphopoiesis by stromal cells during inflammation is not fully understood. We investigated inflammation-induced alteration of hematopoietic regulation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. C57BL/6 female mice were intravenously injected with a single, 5-µg dose of LPS, which induced a rapid decrease in the number of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage; CFU-GM) and B cell progenitors (CFU-preB) in BM. The CFU-GM count rapidly recovered, whereas the recovery of CFU-preB was delayed. LPS induced a marked increase in the number of CFU-GM but not in the number of CFU-preB in spleen. After LPS treatment, gene expression levels of positive regulators of myelopoiesis such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin (IL)-6, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in BM and spleen were markedly upregulated whereas levels of positive regulators for B lymphopoiesis such as stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1, stem cell factor (SCF), and IL-7 remained unchanged. Meanwhile, the negative regulator of B lymphopoiesis tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was markedly up-regulated. The number of CFU-GM in S-phase in BM increased after LPS treatment, whereas the number of CFU-preB in S-phase decreased. These results suggest that LPS-activated stromal cells induce positive-dominant regulation of myelopoiesis and negative-dominant regulation of B lymphopoiesis, which facilitates emergency myelopoiesis during inflammation by suppressing B lymphopoiesis, thereby contributing to the host defense against infection.