Which symptoms negatively affect the oral health-related quality of life in patients with 1 osteonecrosis of the jaw? 2

Cetuximab, an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (EI), is currently the only targeted molecular therapy used in combination with radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are expected to enhance radiotherapy effects in cancers. To investigate whether AuNPs combined with AG1478, an EI, enhanced irradiation effects on HNSCC cells, we first examined AG1478 adsorption on AuNP surfaces, using surface-enhanced Raman scattering, which indicated an adsorption equilibrium of AG1478 to AuNPs. We then used transmission electron microscopy to find internalization rates of AuNP alone and AuNP+AG1478; we found that intracellular uptake of AuNP alone and AuNP+AG1478 did not significantly differ. We compared cell numbers, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration between control cells and those treated with or without 60 nm AuNP (1.0 nM), AG1478 (0.5 μM), and irradiation (4 Gy). We found that AuNP+AG1478 inhibited proliferation more than AG1478 alone; the combination of irradiation+AuNP+AG1478 significantly reduced total cell numbers compared with the combination of irradiation+AuNP; AuNP+AG1478 increased apoptotic reaction to irradiation; the combinations of AuNP+AG1478 and irradiation+AuNP induced more apoptosis than AG1478+irradiation. Whereas AuNP+AG1478 enhanced cytotoxicity in human HNSCC cells by inhibiting proliferation, irradiation+AuNP enhanced cytotoxicity by inducing apoptosis.

Objective: Dental injury is the most common complication of general anaesthesia. The primary purpose of this study was to report the occurrence, location, type, and treatment of dental injury caused by endotracheal intubation.Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 36,627 cases of general anaesthesia at our hospital from January 2008 through December 2015. The examination items included risk factors such as age; sex; surgical department; type of intubation(orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation) ; presence of preoperative trismus; Cormack-Lehane classification; experience of the attending anaesthesiologist; intubation appliance; mouth guard use; tooth mobility diagnosed by attending anaesthesiologist before surgery; the location, type, and treatment of injured teeth; and forensic implications. Results:The incidence of dental injury was 0.06% (22 of 36,627 patients). There was a significant difference in the rate of dental injury according to age (0.026% among those <60 years of age vs. 0.096% among those ≥60 years; P < 0.05) and according to surgical department (0.189% among neurosurgery patients; P < 0.05). The most common Cormack-Lehane classification of laryngeal view in the 22 patients with dental injury was grade 2 (50%). Tooth mobility was diagnosed by anaesthesiologists in 50% of injured patients before surgery. There was no preoperative dental consultation in our department in any of the patients with injured teeth. 2Conclusions: Dental screening is recommended for patients in whom anaesthesiologists find mobile teeth and difficult intubation. A system to facilitate cooperation between anaesthesiologists and dental surgeons should be established.