A bacterium, strain SD-74, which was isolated from soil under alkaline conditions, was found to abundantly produce acidic exolipids from /i-alkanes. The strain proved to be alkali-resistant rather than alkalophilic and was identified as Rhodococcus erythropolis. The acidic exolipids (15 g) were isolated from culture broth (1 1) containing /i-hexadecane as the sole carbon source and were found to be composed of two new succinoyl trehalose lipids (STL-1 and STL-2). After purification, STL-1 showed mp 169 to 171 C and [a]2D°+92.3°(c=0.6, CHC13/ MeOH=2:l), and STL-2 mp 161 to 163 C and [a]2D°+75.0°(c=0.6, CHCl3/MeOH=2:1). On the basis of the results of chemical degradation and methylation, STL-1 and STL-2 were concluded to be 2,3,4,2'-di-0-succinoyl-di-0-alkanoyl-a,a-trehalose and 2,3,4-mono-O-succinoyl-di-Oalkanoyl-a,a-trehalose, respectively.

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