A facultative psychrophilic bacterium, strain L-2, that grows at 0 and 5 degrees C as minimum growth temperatures in complex and defined media, respectively, was isolated. On the basis of taxonomic studies, strain L-2 was identified as Cobetia marina. The adaptability of strain L-2 to cold temperature was higher than that of the type strain and of other reported strains of the same species. When the bacterium was grown at 5-15 degrees C in a defined medium, it produced a high amount of trans-unsaturated fatty acids. By contrast, in a complex medium in the same temperature range it produced a low amount of trans-unsaturated fatty acids. In the complex medium at 5 degrees C, the bacterium exhibited a three-fold higher growth rate than that obtained in the defined medium. Following a temperature shift from 11 to 5 degrees C, strain L-2 grew better in complex than in defined medium. Furthermore, when the growth temperature was shifted from 0 to 5 degrees C both the growth rate and the yield of strain L-2 growing in complex medium was markedly enhanced. These phenomena suggest that an upshift of the growth temperature had a positive effect on metabolism. The effects of adding complex medium components to the defined medium on bacterial growth rate and fatty acid composition at 5 degrees C were also studied. The addition of yeast extract followed by peptone was effective in promoting rapid growth, while glutamate addition was less effective, resulting in a cis-unsaturated fatty acid ratio similar to that of cells grown in the complex medium. These results suggest that the rapid growth of strain L-2 at low temperatures requires a high content of various amino acids rather than the presence of a high ratio of cis-unsaturated fatty acids in the cell membrane.

Juvenile onset laryngeal papillomatosis has a serious tendency for rapid growth and repeated recurrence. Thus, patience and prudence are required for the successful management of this pathology. We report herein on 2 year and 4 month old boy with juvenile onset laryngeal papillomatosis, which caused remarkable airway constriction that required urgent airway management. He was delivered vaginally by a mother with condyloma acuminatum. Hoarseness appeared at 1 year of age, and retractive breathing was observed at 1 year and 6 months of age. He finally presented with severe wheezing and was admitted to the emergency room of our hospital with a laryngeal tumor strongly resembling a papilloma. Emergency endotracheal intubation was possible by means of a fine endotracheal tube with an internal diameter of 2.5 mm. His supraglottic space was filled with the tumor ; thus, making the visibility of the vocal folds difficult. The tumor was surgically removed using a microdebrider under general anesthesia. The histopathological diagnosis was benign papilloma and HPV11 virus was detected. The rapidly growing papilloma showed a strong tendency for recurrence, and four additional surgical procedures had to be performed within 6 months after the first operation. This patient will therefore require cautious medical care in the future.

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