Chronic gastroduodenitis (CGD) is one of the most common diseases in children. Current data on the prevalence and incidence of CGD in children are contradictory. Currently, no work has been carried out to assess the prevalence and incidence of CGD in a multicenter study in Russia. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of CGD in terms of prevalence using meta-analysis among children aged 0-17 years living in the city of Yaroslavl and large districts of the Yaroslavl region. The research material was the indicators of statistical reporting of medical institutions of the region for 2017-2021. At the same time, the figures are higher than the data of local works on the territory of the Russian Federation. According to our study, the cumulative incidence at the end of 2021 ranged from 7.3% to 11.4% in some districts of the Yaroslavl Region of the Central Federal District, while in some age subgroups this figure exceeds 16%. CGD is a common disease of the upper digestive tract (UDT) in children living in the studied territories (from 15% to 26%). At the same time, in the age groups of 6-7 years and 13-14 years, this indicator exceeds the average value in all the studied territories, and in some it exceeds 53%, which reflects the insufficient level of effectiveness of clinical diagnostic programs for the early detection of CGD in children and will further increase the prevalence of CGD in the general population, especially among children from 3 to 14 years old.

Overweight children are considered as a risk group for the development of obesity and the formation of metabolic and cardiovascular risks. However, studies on the state of the metabolic status of overweight children depending on the amount of fat mass in the body are not enough. The aim of this study was to assess the metabolic status of overweight children aged 12–17 years in order to identify children in high metabolic risk groups. We examined 107 overweight adolescents aged 12–17 years who underwent an extended assessment of anthropometry (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (OB), the sum of the thickness of 4 skin-fat folds, bioimpedance analysis of body composition), the level of blood pressure (BP) and the determination in venous blood of glucose, insulin, cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C) and low density (LDL-CL), leptin, interleukin-6 and C- reactive protein. The study has showed that children with increased body fat mass (more than 85 percentile) and elevated WC (75 ≤ WC < 90) have the highest metabolic risks, who have an increase in systolic blood pressure, changes in carbohydrate and fat metabolism at high leptin values, 16,43[17,0 – 32,7] (ng/ml). We have established the gender characteristics of metabolic risks: in boys, the atherogenic risk of vascular damage increases, and in girls, the risk of insulin resistance. The data obtained allow us to recommend a differentiated allocation of groups of increased metabolic risk depending on age, gender, amount of fat mass in the body composition and waist circumference for individual observation.