This paper describes a novel sorbent based on 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol functionalised magnetic nanoparticles and its application for the extraction and pre-concentration of trace amounts of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions. The nanosorbent was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, elemental analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of various parameters such as pH, sorption time, sorbent dosage, elution time, volume and concentration of eluent were investigated. Following the sorption and elution of analytes, Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions were quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The limits of detection were 0.07 and 0.7 μg l(-1) for Cu(II) and Pb(II), respectively. The relative standard deviations of the method were less than 7%. The sorption capacity of this new sorbent were 92 and 78 mg g(-1) for Cu(II) and Pb(II), respectively. Finally this nanosorbent was applied to the rapid extraction of trace quantities of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions in different real samples and satisfactory results were obtained.

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Funding informationResearch Council of Shahid Beheshti University β-Cyclodextrin decorated with palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs@β-CD) without pretreatment led to a suitable catalyst for the biaryls synthesis in water. A simple and straightforward method was developed for the preparation of PdNPs@β-CD as a green catalyst. The prepared catalyst was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) measurements. It was found that PdNPs@β-CD exhibits high performance in Ullmann, Suzuki and Hiyama coupling reactions.

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In this study, an ion imprinted polymer (IIP), based on coating of a polymer on a Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle (NP) core, is used as a magnetic sorbent for the preconcentration and determination of the Cd(II) ion level in human urine samples. The synthesized polymer was characterized by IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The optimum conditions, such as pH of the sample, eluent volume, concentration and duration of sorption and elution, were investigated. In addition, the effect of some potentially interfering cations on the sorption of Cd(II) was confirmed. In all samples, Cd(II) was determined using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) of cadmium was 0.6 mg L À1 .The optimized method has been validated using day-to-day and within-day reproducible experiments and achieved appropriate accuracy and precision. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by analyzing a certified reference material (Seronorm LOT NO2525) and spiked real samples. Ultimately, this method was applied successfully for the preconcentration and determination of Cd(II) ions in urine samples obtained from exposed individuals.