Abstract:The influence of plating mode, chloride ion on morphology of copper deposits has been studied on pure copper substrate. The electroplating was conducted at 50 , 25°C in cupric sulfate-sulfuric acid bath with various chloride additions 0.001-0.01 ml. The morphology and grain sizes of the electrodeposited copper were examined by atomic force microscopy. The maximum surface roughness and grain sizes of copper deposit were obtained when it was deposited with 0.01 ml of chloride ions. Small particles were observed on the surface of the copper film electroplated with the addition of chloride ions up to the amount of 0.001 ml.

An important aspect of nanotechnology is the development of reliable methods for the synthesis of nanomaterials in vitro that in view of the size, composition and shape can be controlled. In recent years, with increasing environmental problems, many due to green chemistry and attempts for the synthesis of nanomaterials through the environmental clean methods increased. The use of biological organisms for the clean synthesis of nanomaterials is important. In this article we report the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate solution by extract of black pepper from silver nitrate aqueous solution in various environment pH, 9, 10, 12 and 13. Then crystalline structure, morphology and optical properties of these nanoparticles is presented. Prepared samples have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible Spectrometer (UV-vis) and Scattering Electron Microscope (SEM).

The mixture of polyisopirene (PI) and sodium-2-diethylhexyl sulfosuccinate /decane/ water microemulsion (ME) at AOT to water molar ratio (X = 30) and droplet mass fraction (m f,drop = 0.08) was studied with dynamic light scattering and small-angle Xray scattering (SAXS). The light scattering was used to obtain the diffusion coefficient of Brownian motion of the nano-droplets at different polymer concentrations and molecular weights (1000 and 4700) in the ME. The dynamics of the nano-droplets decreased with the increase of molecular weight (from 1000 to 4700) and concentration (from 0.01 to 0.09) of PI. The study of the structure by SAXS showed that with increase of PI (MW = 1000) mass fraction from 0.01 to 0.09 at ME, the size of the droplets changes from 4.5 to 4.3 nm and with increase of PI (MW = 4700) concentration at ME, the size of droplets changes from 4.8 to 4.4 nm. The size ratio of droplets to polymer decreased with increase of concentration and molecular weight of polymer and also the interaction between the droplets increased with increase of polymer concentration.

Cu-nanoTiO 2 composite coatings electroplated from copper sulfate bath were obtained and characterized.The paper presents the influence of the different pH of Cu-TiO 2 coatings obtained at DC current density. The pHwere 0.5and2in electroplating bath.The surface morphology andcomposition of layers were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDX analysis.The influences of pH parameter on the thickness, grain size and surface morphology of coating were studied.

We study water-in-oil microemulsions, in certain the diffusion of water droplets covered with a monolayer of the anionic surfactant docusate sodium in a phase of ndecane mixed with the polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGD). At constant droplet size we vary the polymer concentration and from structural investigations with small-angle X-ray scattering there was clear evidence for penetration in the droplets. We apply this technique to monitor the size and morphology of the mixture system (docusate sodium microemulsion/PEGD). The structural study of our samples shows spherical-to-cylindrical change in nanodroplets with increase in polymer concentration. The dynamics of system consists of the translation diffusion of the nanodroplets was studied with dynamic light scattering.