Rosa canina L. (dog rose) is a rich source of phenolic compounds that offer great hope for the prevention of chronic human diseases. Herein, wild and commercial samples of dog rose were chemically characterized with respect to their phenolic composition by liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-ESI/MS). Furthermore, in vitro antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity of dog rose fruits and leaves hydromethanolic extracts and infusions were also evaluated. The results revealed that wild and commercial fruits of dog rose are similar in terms of l(+)-ascorbic acid, total phenolics (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC) and total phenolic acids (TPAC) content, individual phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity. Moreover, the fruits had lower levels of phenolic compounds and also revealed lower biological activity than the leaves. On the other hands, the highest content of TPC, TFC, TPAC, individual phenolic constituents, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) were found in the leaf’s infusions. They were also the only ones to show antibacterial activity. Overall, these finding confirmed usefulness of R. canina L. leaves and fruits as a rich source of bioactive phenolic compounds with potential use in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

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A simple and reliable HPLC method was developed and validated for the quality consistency evaluation of Coffea arabica commercial samples through establishing chromatographic fingerprint and simultaneous determination of bioactive constituents. In the HPLC fingerprint, thirteen common peaks were selected to assess the similarities of coffee samples of different geographical origin. A similarity analysis showed values from 0.434 to 0.950 for the analyzed samples, while quantitation of selected bioactive compounds revealed the highest content of caffeine and the lowest of pcoumaric acid and theobromine in coffee samples. Since phenolic compounds and alkaloids are commonly recognized as natural antioxidants, the antioxidant activity of coffee extracts was also evaluated. The correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicated that the combination of HPLC fingerprint and quantitative analysis can be readily utilized as a quality assessment tool for coffee and other plant products.

R óża intrygowała ludzkość od niepamiętych czasów swym zapachem, pięknem i walorami użytkowymi. Obecna była w kulturze, malarstwie, literaturze, a nawet w religii. Szczególnym uznaniem cieszyła się w starożytności. W Egipcie różę poświęcono bogini płodności Izydzie, uwieczniano ją na ścianach grobowców, zaś korony z kwiatów, zwane "świętymi różami abisyńskimi", stanowiły część wyposażenia zmarłych. W Grecji róża stała się symbolem Afrodyty. Uważano, że powstała z tej samej piany morskiej, co bogini miłości. Grecy opiewali różę w poematach, np. Safona nazywała ją królową kwiatów. Starożytni rzymianie cenili różę jako roślinę ozdobną; słynęli oni z zamiłowania do zrzucania jej płatków z sufitu podczas uczt, tworząc tym samym "kwiatowy deszcz". Ponadto, w rzymskim menu można było odnaleźć różane budynie, nalewki i afrodyzjaki, a także lekarstwa sporządzone na bazie kwiatów róży. Jak by tego było mało, obchodzono specjalne święto Rosalia, ku powszechnemu uwielbieniu dla tych kwiatów. Wodą różaną napełniano publiczne łaźnie i fontanny cezarów, gdy tymczasem w starożytnym Izraelu używano ją do obmywania ścian Świątyni Jerozolimskiej. W średniowieczu tworzono ogrody różane, które służyły jako miejsca pochówku. W czasach współczesnych spożywanie dzikiej róży jest szczególnie popularne w krajach skandynawskich, chociaż także w wielu krajach europejskich, takich jak Polska, Portugalia, Niemcy, również cieszy się to uznaniem. Owoce dzikiej róży są wykorzystywane głównie jako składniki deserów, ciast, chleba, galaretek, marmolad, lodów, zup, syropów, herbat i innych napojów [1]. Oprócz przemysłu spożywczego, także przemysł farmaceutyczny i kosmetyczny korzysta z tego surowca. Rodzaj Rosa L. obejmuje ponad 100 gatunków krzewów i pnączy, a dokładna ich liczba jest trudna do ustalenia ze względu na różne ujęcia Rose hip (Rosa canina L.) as a vitamin and antioxidants source in human diet • Rose hip is a rich source of bioactive compounds for health benefits, especially vitamins and polyphenolic compounds. For this reason, the aim of the work was to give the basic information on chemical composition and biological activity of this plant. The wide range of medical application of rose hip, such as anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and many other biological activities has also been characterized in this paper. Moreover, the application of rose hip in cosmetic industry has been mentioned.

Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) can be contaminated with heavy metals, and therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr, and phenolic compounds contents in TCM plants used against civilization diseases. Metals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) for Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) for Pb, Cd, and Cr. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and phenolic acid contents were determined by HPLC and UV/vis spectrometry. The contents of the studied elements were highest in Radix Rehmanniae, whereas lowest in Fructus Lycii and Fructus Crataegi. The studied metals were assayed in the decreasing order: Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Cd. Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae Preparata showed the lowest phenolic composition, while Fructus Lycii showed the richest content. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the contents of ferulic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, and Cu, Cr, and Cd were among the most important factors responsible for the differentiation between the investigated medicinal plants. Cluster analysis (CA) showed that the TCM samples originating from the same botanical plant species were often found in the same cluster, which confirms the similar level of studied elements determined within the samples.