Pararamosis is a medical condition, described in the latex extracting areas of the Amazon (rubber tree regions), resulting from contact with the caterpillar of the Premolis semirufa moth. The disease can present itself in an acute form—similarly to other erucisms (injuries caused by moth larvae in humans)—or in a chronic form, typically characterized by the occurrence of changes in the joints of the hands. Because of its importance, in the context of tropical diseases, the objective of this article was to review the main facets of the disease, emphasizing the different pathogenic aspects of the interaction between the arthropod and man.

O cancro mole ou cancroide é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível (IST) causada pelo microorganismo Haemophilus ducreyi que é um dos principais causadores de úlceras genitais nas regiões endêmicas dos trópicos no Pacífico Sul, Sudeste Asiático e África. A transmissão do H. ducreyi se dá por relação sexual desprotegida. Uma das principais teorias se baseia na invasão tecidual pelo H. ducreyi em microabrasões na pele, que ocorrem durante o ato sexual, haja vista que, de modo geral, esta bactéria não infecta a pele. Esta IST é relativamente rara, em parte, devido ao fato de provável subnotificação em função das dificuldades laboratoriais no processo de confirmação diagnóstica da doença. Desta forma, faz-se necessário discutir as manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamento e medidas profiláticas da doença.

Injuries caused by traumatic, poisonous and venomous animal are relatively common in the medical practice of many regions, especially in tropical countries, such as Brazil. These include morbid events caused by a wide variety of fish. Although they are generally of low severity, restricted to local manifestations of the place where the venom/poison comes into contact with the skin or mucosa, these illnesses can evolve to more severe conditions which, in rarer cases, can lead to death. The potential severity in some cases, along with the recent increase in the number of notifications, in different areas of the country, demonstrate the need for a better understanding of these events. Based on these considerations, the present article aims to review the literature on the main characteristics of trauma, poisoning and envenomation by fish in Brazil, with emphasis on the causative animals and on the pathophysiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of these morbid conditions

Venomous animals represent a severe public health problem given the elevated number of accidents they cause. In Brazil, several incidents with venomous animals are due to arachnidism. Among the various species of spiders, the Phoneutria, or so-called armadeira spider, Latrodectus, the black widow, and Loxosceles, the brown spider, genera are highlighted. These spiders are easily found near or even inside homes, causing mild to severe reactions. The aim of this study is to elaborate a clinical approach to aid patients affected by venomous animals based on the comprehension of spider bite epidemiology and pathogenesis. In conclusion, recognizing clinical manifestations and an early diagnosis elucidate the clinical reasoning essential in acting efficiently and with effective treatment, thus improving the patient's prognosis.

A brucelose é uma zoonose causada por bactérias do gênero Brucella. Trata-se de uma enfermidade considerada como um problema de saúde pública mundial, uma vez que pode acometer os humanos. Sua principal fonte de transmissão ocorre através do contato com animais e/ou seus materiais biológicos contaminados, estando ligada, principalmente, às condições socioeconômicas, hábitos alimentares e de higiene das populações. O presente artigo objetiva abordar os aspectos etiológicos, epidemiológicos, clínicos, bem como o diagnóstico, tratamento e profilaxia da brucelose humana.