The reforms constitute a significant strengthening of the program, remarkable in an era of retrenchment. Overall, the program provides evidence for the financial viability of a social insurance model, although longer-term challenges may yet arise.
Objective. To uncover lessons from abroad for Community Living Assistance Services and Supports (CLASS), a federally run voluntary public long-term care (LTC) insurance program created under the Accountable Care Act of 2010. Data Sources. Program administrators and policy researchers from Austria, England, France, Germany, and the Netherlands. Study Design. Qualitative methods focused on key parameters of cash for care: how programs set benefit levels; project expenditures; control administrative costs; regulate the use of benefits; and protect workers. Data Collection/Extraction Methods. Structured discussions were conducted during an international conference of LTC experts, followed by personal meetings and individual correspondence. Principal Findings. Germany's self-financing mandate and tight targeting of benefits have resulted in a solvent program with low premiums. Black markets for care are likely in the absence of regulation; France addresses this via a unique system ensuing legal payment of workers. Conclusions. Programs in the five countries studied have lessons, both positive and negative, relevant to CLASS design.
Claudia Riepe ist Referentin im Referat Rechtliche, ökonomische und medizinische Fragen der Telematik, Patientenbelange im Bundesminsietrium für Gesundheit in Bonn Dr. Matthias von Schwanenflügel ist Leiter der Unterabteilung Haushalt, Recht und Telematik im Bundesministerium für Gesundheit in Berlin Der Beitrag befasst sich mit den Chancen und Risiken der Telematik und Telemedizin und geht auf spezifische ethische Fragestellungen ein. Er fordert, dass im Mittelpunkt aller Regelungen die Selbstbestimmung der Patienten stehen müsse. Sodann stellt er die gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen dar und erläutert den Stand des Aufbaus der Telematikinfrastruktur. Der Datenschutz wird als besondere ethische Herausforderung thematisiert. Zusammenfassend kommt der Beitrag zum Ergebnis, dass aus ethischer Perspektive der Einsatz von Telemedizin und Telematik notwendig ist, da er eine Qualitätsverbesserung der Patientenversorgung bewirkt und den gleichberechtigten Zugang zur Gesundheitsversorgung sicherstellt.
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