Background: Ecuador is divided into three geographical regions: Amazon, Coast and Mountains, on which one having its own empirical knowledge and traditions in relation to their natural environments. Studies about traditional knowledge of macrofungi were initially carried out in the Brazilian Amazon and later in Colombia, Guyana and Venezuela. In Ecuador few studies have been published. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate many ethnomycological data of the edible mushrooms used by several ethnic Ecuadorian groups, discussing the meanings of species' vernacular names and related myths.
Long-term cadmium intake can be very dangerous to human health due to its toxic effects. Although people can be contaminated with this element from different sources, contaminated food is probably the most important one. Foods such as vegetables and fruits can become contaminated with cadmium existing in soils, irrigation water, or chemical fertilizers. Some plants produce an excess of cysteine-rich peptides (CRp) when affected by high concentrations of heavy metals such as cadmium, thus indicating the presence of this type of contamination. Among these plants is tamarillo (Solanum betaceum), which is locally known as “tree tomato”. This is a native plant widely consumed in the Ecuadorian Andes because of its abundance, low cost, and high content of vitamin C and fiber. The fact that Solanum betaceum produces CRp upon contamination with heavy metals means that this plant may be able to accumulate heavy metals. If this is the case, the plant can possibly be used as an indicator of metal pollution. The main goals of the present work were to evaluate the possibility of using Solanum betaceum as an indicator of metal contamination in plants and to examine its capability to accumulate metals. Both goals were met by determination of the amounts of CRp produced by Solanum betaceum cells cultivated in vitro in the laboratory under controlled conditions in the presence of different concentrations of cadmium. The CRp determination was carried out by means of electrogeneration of iodine in an iodide solution containing reduced glutathione as a biological thiol model. Solanum betaceum cells were grown in a Murashige and Skoog solution enriched with a 30 g L−1 sugar aqueous solution and 1 mg L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The results of these experiments confirmed the following: (1) CRp production is a function of the amount of cadmium present as a contaminant up to a limiting value after which cell apoptosis occurs; (2) Solanum betaceum accumulates cadmium; (3) the analytical method used is appropriate for CRp determination; and (4) CRp determination is a valid alternative to detect contamination by heavy metals in plants.
INTRODUCCIÓN. La emergencia sanitaria por la pandemia provocó que las actividades productivas se vean afectadas en su cadena de producción. OBJETIVO. La presente investigación analiza los efectos de la crisis sanitaria que provocó la pandemia del Covid-19 en la cadena productiva de artesanos dedicados a la elaboración de prendas de vestir en la ciudad de Quito. MÉTODO. El alcance fue exploratorio-descriptivo, se realizaron encuestas a 50 empresas que poseen calificación artesanal otorgada por la Junta Nacional de Defensa del Artesano RESULTADOS. El gobierno e instituciones de apoyo no han establecido políticas que beneficien a los actores de la cadena, existiendo variaciones en costos de materia prima que tuvieron influencia negativa en la economía. DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. Existen problemas de movilidad, implementación de teletrabajo, disminución de la jornada y reducción de personal. Se concluye que la cadena productiva de artesanos calificados se encuentra debilitada. La investigación ha reflejado la falta de generación de política pública, la cual no ha logrado beneficiar al sector en el contexto de la pandemia. La necesidad de fortalecer el liderazgo del gremio y mejorar las relaciones con las empresas vinculadas en la cadena es evidente.
Mediante la generación electroquímica de yodo se evalúa la acumulación de Cd(II) por células de tomate de árbol (Solanum Betaceum) a través de la detección de péptidos ricos en cisteína, compuestos sintetizados por la planta cuando está contaminada con metales. La curva de calibración obtenida indica un intervalo lineal de 0 a 250 µmol L-1, con un límite de detección de 4,82 µmol L-1 (3,3 s/m). La concentración de péptidos en las suspensiones celulares incrementa conforme aumenta la concentración de CdSO4 y el tiempo de exposición. Los resultados indican que las células de tomate de árbol acumulan cadmio. Durante 5 días de exposición a 100 µmol L-1 CdSO4 las células en suspensión aún no sufren la apoptosis. El método propuesto muestra características útiles para su implementación en el monitoreo de contaminación por metales pesados en plantas en crecimiento.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.