Б» [2]. Способом компьютерного моделирования получены основные параметры системы кориумнагреватель для каждого из выбранных методов и определены границы их применимости для имитации остаточного энерговыделения при проведении эксперимента на установке.

No abstract

The paper is devoted to the analysis of existing options of under-reactor melt traps, designs and disadvantages of these traps. A variation of its own under-reactor melt trap with a heat-resistant composite coating with a fluidized bed is proposed. The description of facility for experimental studies of the heat-resistant composite coating with the fluidized bed is presented. The results of a thermal calculation of the variation of the under-reactor trap with fluidized bed melt are presented. Thermal calculations showed that an increase in the average temperature of the melt is less intense in the model of an under-reactor trap with a fluidized bed, due to heat removal from the corium to the metal to complete the phase transition.

The core catcher is one of the mandatory elements of the reactor safety system, which prevents the release of reactor core materials in a severe accident. The core catcher is steel vessel filled with sacrificial materials (SM) and forming a tank where a corium melt coming from the core is formed. The trap is a steel body filled with sacrificial materials (LM) and forming a vessel where a corium bath is formed coming from the core. The melt formed in the core catcher is cooled by heat removal to the cooling water through the shell of the steel vessel, as well as by water supplied directly to the surface of the melt after the dissolution process of the SM in corium (gravitational inversion). The delay in the water supply to the melt is associated with the features of the component structure of corium and its interaction with water (the formation of explosive hydrogen and the possibility of its detonation, as well as the threat of a steam explosion). However, a certain amount of time is spent on the implementation of gravitational inversion, and it is desirable to start the water supply to the melt immediately at the moment when the corium enters the core catcher due to the danger of the system going beyond the permissible limits (the beginning of boiling of uranium dioxide) due to decay heat in the corium. In this regard, the authors have an idea – to use a fusible metal for additional cooling of the surface of the corium in order to organize heat removal and reduce the temperature of the corium in the period before the end of the gravitational inversion process. The article presents the results of modeling the interaction of corium with candidate low-melting metals – coolers. The modeling was conducted using the ANSYS software package. As a result of the conducted work, the time for which each of the considered cooling metals will reach the points of phase transitions of melting and boiling is determined. The analysis of the results allowed us to draw appropriate conclusions about the possible practical implementation of the proposed method of cooling corium.