Introduction. This article aimed to explore the effects and patterns of social adaptability in cadets role structure. The issue of adaptability in first-year military college students suggests that the integration of roles, closely related to professional identity, can contribute an effective cadets adaptability. Methodology and Methods. Roles are considered as a metacomponents in relation to both, cadet's personality and a military micro-social system they are involved. Thus provides the necessary adaptability potential. The research was conducted by using a structural-psychological analysis, which allows for investigation of the phenomenon determination in terms of its structural conditions. The analysis procedure includes a calculation of the role parameters correlation and the structure organization indexes, which are Structure Coherence Index (SCI), Structure Divergence Index (SDI), Structure Organization Index (SOI). Results. Four correlation structures were obtained for different groups of cadets: with a low adaptability level, with a below average adaptability level, with above-average adaptability level and high adaptability level. Calculated role structure indicators of cadets with different level of adaptability demonstrate the "U-shaped" dependence of the structural organization of a role space and the adaptability level of cadets. Conclusion. The article concludes that a decisive influence of structural components and cadet roleplaying space effects in providing adaptive processes that are systemic rather than analytical. The relationship between the role structure and the adaptability level of cadets has an interdependent and complex character, based on two main tendencies-integrate and differentiate, with relatively more noticeable first at medium adaptability levels of cadets.