Background Few studies explored Indonesian understanding of cervical cancer (CC) and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. We aimed to investigate the association between knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and socio-demographical influences related to HPV, CC, and vaccination among Indonesian urban citizens. Methods We conducted an online survey during March 2020-August 2021 using the Snowball sampling technique. The socio-demographic characteristic and KAP responses were collected via Google Forms from 400 respondents in Jakarta. The knowledge and attitudes were divided into HPV and CC (aspect 1) and HPV vaccination (aspect 2). Correlation between KAP scores was performed using Spearman’s test, and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine KAP predictors. Results Indonesian urban citizens in Jakarta were found to have poor knowledge in individual aspects of the inquiry but moderate knowledge overall, good attitude in inquiry both in each aspect and overall, and unsatisfying practices. Overall, in the general population, men, and women respectively: 50.8%, 32.4%, and 53.6% had good knowledge; 82.0%, 75.2%, and 84.4% expressed positive attitude; and 30.3%, 15.2%, and 35.6% applied favorable practice regarding questions inquired. Knowledge was weakly correlated towards attitude (ρ = 0.385) but moderately correlated with practice (ρ = 0.485); attitude was moderately correlated with practice (ρ = 0.577), all results: p<0.001. Significant odds ratio (OR) for predictors to good knowledge were female sex (OR = 2.99), higher education (OR = 2.91), and higher mother’s education (OR = 2.15). Factors related to positive attitudes were higher mother’s education (OR = 4.13), younger age (OR = 1.86), and better results in the knowledge inquiries (OR = 2.96). Factors that suggested better practices were female sex (OR = 2.33), being employed (OR = 1.68), excellent knowledge scores (OR = 4.56), and positive attitudes expressions (OR = 8.05). Having done one vaccination dose and intention to receive vaccines were significantly influenced by good KAP. Conclusions KAP had inter-association to successful CC and HPV prevention programs, and socio-demographical characteristics are critical to influencing better KAP.

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Pendahuluan: Berat badan lebih (overweight) dan obesitas merupakan kondisi pandemik global yang prevalensinya terus meningkat. Kondisi ini juga banyak ditemukan pada wanita usia subur. Keadaan berat badan lebih dan obesitas pada kehamilan merupakan salah satu kondisi obstetri berisiko tinggi. Kondisi berat badan lebih dan obesitas terbukti dari berbagai penelitian dapat meningkatkan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan janin, antara lain dapat meningkatkan risiko hipertensi dan diabetes gestasional pada masa antepartum, komplikasi intrapartum seperti distosia bahu, perdarahan postpartum, dan kegagalan induksi maupun persalinan pervaginam pasca bedah sesar. Selain itu, pada masa postpartum, obesitas terbukti meningkatkan risiko tromboemboli. Pada janin, obesitas dalam kehamilan meningkatkan risiko makrosomia dan kecacatan janin. Oleh karena itu, guideline-guideline dari Amerika, Kanada, Australia, serta Inggris menganjurkan tata laksana kolaboratif multidisiplin antara dokter umum, bidan, dokter spesialis obstetri dan ginekologi, ahli anestesi, ahli gizi, serta kedokteran olahraga dalam melakukan tata laksana pada ibu hamil dengan obesitas.

Kehamilan tidak diinginkan umumnya berdampak buruk bagi perempuan, terutama jika terjadi pada remaja perempuan. Kehamilan tidak diinginkan pada remaja perempuan dapat menyebabkan putus sekolah, gangguan pada kehamilan karena usia yang terlalu muda, ketidaksiapan mental remaja perempuan menghadapi perannya di masa yang akan datang, dan juga berdampak pada perkembangan anak yang dikandungnya.