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PurposeThis study aims to determine shoreline change statistics and net erosion and accretion, along the Kuakata Coast, a magnificent sea beach on Bangladesh’s southernmost point.Design/methodology/approachThe research follows a three stages way to achieve the target. First, this study has used the geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) to detect the temporal observation of shoreline change from the year 1991 to 2021 through satellite data. Then, the digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) has also been explored. What is more, a prediction has been done for 2041 on shoreline shifting scenario. The shoreline displacement measurement was primarily separated into three analytical zones. Several statistical parameters, including Net Shoreline Movement (NSM), Shoreline Change Envelope (SCE), End Point Rate (EPR) and Linear Regression Rate (LRR) were calculated in the DSAS to quantify the rates of coastline movement with regard to erosion and deposition.FindingsEPR and LRR techniques revealed that the coastline is undergoing a shift of landward (erosion) by a median rate of 3.15 m/yr and 3.17 m/yr, respectively, from 1991 to 2021, 2.85 km2 of land was lost. Naval and climatic influences are the key reasons for this variation. This study identifies the locations of a significantly eroded zone in Kuakata from 1991 to 2021. It highlights the places that require special consideration while creating a zoning plan or other structural design.Originality/valueThis research demonstrates the spatio-temporal pattern of the shoreline location of the Kuakata beach, which would be advantageous for the region’s shore management and planning due to the impacts on the fishing industry, recreation and resource extraction. Moreover, the present research will be supportive of shoreline vulnerability. Hence, this study will suggest to the local coastal managers and decision-makers for particularizing the coastal management plans in Kuakata coast zone.

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Land surface covering and water body play an important role on local environment especially on Land Surface Temperature (LST). In study above mentioned concept has been conducted on the drainage basin of Atai-Bhairab-Rupsha river confluence which is an important place both for agriculture and trade in the south-western part of Bangladesh. Here the impact of both surface covering and water body on local environmental factor like LST is being analyzed to determine the main catalyst in ever changing LST. LST study in this area which is changed dramatically recently may be a well-defined index, reflects environmental conditions. LST is mainly altered by the factors like land surface covering such as vegetation represented by NDVI, water body by NDWI, and barren or urban area by NDBI but only few are key factors. The gradual changes of these four parameters (LST, NDVI, NDWI, and NDBI) are studied for the years 1991, 1996, 2002, 2006, 2011 and 2017. From the LST study, it is observed that from 1991 to 2017 highest temperature decreased significantly and the difference between 1991 and 2017 is greater than 100C. Variation of lowest temperature all these years are insignificant. Meanwhile, from NDVI analysis if is observed that area of vegetation coverage increased in a significant rate from the years 1991 to 2017. The area of water body is being found almost unchanged in this time period from the NDWI analysis. Nevertheless, from the NDBI analysis it is found that the barren area is diminished significantly in this period and is obviously replaced by vegetation. At all, it can be said that the highest value of NDVI in 1991 is greater than 2017 denotes some short of drought or increasing salinity condition but in general viewpoint vegetation helps to keep surface temperature under control.

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