The universal importance of reading, a receptive skill, is enormous. It encompasses a major part of learning and teaching a language. Reading ameliorates language competence of learners and it has an all-inclusive effect on their acquisition of second language. But some students are not found appropriately motivated or found demotivated in reading classes across the world. This research aims at finding out why some students are less motivated in reading classes at Tertiary Level in Bangladesh.Both qualitative and quantitative research methodshave been employed in conducting the research. Simple random sampling technique has been used to select the respondents from the population of different public and private universities of Bangladesh. This research shows that some students are less motivated in reading classesat Tertiary Level for quite a lot of reasons pertaining to themselves, teachers, reading materials, contextual factors, etc. This paper also highlights some recommendations carrying out of which might make learners motivated in reading classes.

Critical thinking (CT) is one of the crucial skills of the 21st century. Nevertheless, in the educational sector of Bangladesh, CT is still not appropriately taught and practiced to develop learners’ expertise. This study aimed to investigate how EFL teachers facilitate critical thinking (CT) skills of the undergraduate low-proficient learners and what obstacles they faced in promoting CT skills in writing classes in Bangladesh. It integrated both quantitative and qualitative data to achieve the research goals. To conduct this study, the researchers collected data from twelve teachers from six universities in Chattogram, Bangladesh. The results show that the common challenges teachers face while facilitating CT skills are- their lack of proper knowledge and training, inadequate focus on promoting CT skills in the existing educational curriculum, lack of motivation of both students and teachers, difficulty in transitioning from a ‘teacher-centric’ to a ‘student-centric’ classroom, inconvenient classroom environment, and more focus on securing good grades. Findings also show that teachers in tertiary-level education did not pay enough attention to enhance CT and problem-solving skills. However, there are possibilities to enhance teachers' abilities to improve the CT skills of low-proficient EFL learners. The research findings will help tertiary-level EFL teachers understand the current practice of facilitating CT skills in Bangladesh and devise appropriate strategies for better action.

Textbook evaluation is essential to determine whether the text is standard enough to achieve the teaching objectives. The researcher used the qualitative research method to collect data for this study to investigate the suitability of the textbook of Higher Secondary Level in Bangladesh for teaching listening and speaking skills. Based on the internal evaluation criteria (MacDonough & Shaw, 2013) of the text and semi-structured interviews with eight teachers, the findings reveal that the book includes inadequate lessons and inappropriate activities for improving learners’ listening skills. However, the study finds the book satisfactory for teaching speaking skills with suitable lessons and activities, although there is still room for improvement in the text by including more diverse speaking activities.

In the present world dominated by BANA (Britain, Australia and North America) countries, the importance of English and the demand to teach learners a working command of English to satisfy various communicative needs in their real life are greatly noticeable. As a consequence, education administrators in many Asian and African countries have felt an urge to explore and introduce the most recent and best methods of teaching English. In Bangladesh, for example, teachers of English recognize that traditional pedagogy, emphasizing merely the

Given the shutdown of the schools worldwide thanks to COVID-19 pandemic hit early in 2020, there had been, for a while, a mounting global concern over continuing education and averting children’s learning loss. Paying heed to that concern, many nations across the world transitioned to online education as a wholesale alternative approach to emergency schooling. However, online schooling was no single panacea specially for those developing countries which are hardly able to meet the success conditions of online teaching and learning. This phenomenological case study describes a novel pandemic-time rural schooling activity as an alternative to the wholesale online education commonly adopted globally during the pandemic. We have theoretically based the study on the Activity Theories postulated by Vygotsky and Cole and extended by Engeström. We collected qualitative data by semistructured interviews and by gathering school documents. Following Williams and Moser’s coding method and Miles et al.’s two-cycle coding process, we analyzed the collected data. The novel schooling activity that this study found is “clustered (sub-)schools” made up of the split-ups of the regular school. The findings in detail are discussed and recommendations are made.