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Non-compliance with anti-tuberculosis therapy has been cited as a major barrier to the control of TB. There are different factors responsible for the non-compliance of TB. The cross sectional prospective participants in the study were interviewed by using a set of questionnaire. TB patients were enrolled at DOTS Centre of LRS Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease, New Delhi, India. Patients who discontinued and interrupted the treatment for more than 2 months were categorized as noncompliance cases. T-test was used for comparing the means of control and case groups. The default rate of Delhi LRS-RNTCP defined area was 3.53%. 60% of non-compliance occurred in category II patients. Maximum patients had 3+ initial bacillary load (42.5%). 27.5% patients had positive influence on non-compliance in response to problem created by TB. Patients who suffered from adverse drug reaction and toxicity of drug contributed the highest rate (40%); and 22.5% had no role in noncompliance of tuberculosis patients. Drug related factors were major factors involved in noncompliance with tuberculosis treatment. Thus, we recommend that ADR monitoring and least ADR active drug be used.

The novel human coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is the major pandemic throughout the globe and its occurrence is due to the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV2). That began from Wuhan, Hubei province of China in late 2019 and afterward drastically spread worldwide. It effects around 213 countries and territories around the globe and have reported a total of 8,128,490 confirmed cases of COVID-19. As an unprecedented global pandemic it sweeps the planet and affects each and every human being either physically, mentally or economically. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are pyrexia, tiredness, and dry cough but in some cases it is asymptomatic. It can be diagnosed by a health care provider based on symptoms and confirmed through laboratory tests. Till date there is not even a single drug or vaccine that can be used for the effective treatment for this disease. The international community is to introduce a global synchronized strength to prevent the outbreak that needs a strong public health response, high level political commitment and sufficient funding. The aim of this review article is to summarise the recent state of awareness, epidemiology and social impact on surrounding due to outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic.

Optimized formulations were subjected to various in vivo studies like anti-inflammatory activity, Nickel induced dermatitis, irritation study and Acute and repeated dose dermal toxicity studies. Clobetasol propionate (CP) has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antiproliferative activity. The aim of the present work was to test the hypothesis that the addition CP in nanoemulsions would result in enhancement CP delivery and leading to better antipsoriatic activity. Nanoemulsions were prepared by aqueous phase titration method, using Tea Tree oil, Tween 20, Transcutol P, and distilled water as the oil phase, surfactant, co-surfactant and aqueous phase, respectively.We developed a topical O/W nanoemulsion in which drug is incorporated in disperse phase of oil and evaluated its efficacy against different types of in vivostudies. It was also found that the significantly increased their anti-inflammatory activity. It was reported that CP-loaded nanoemulsion significantly increased NTPDase (Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases) activity in lymphocytes. This membrane protein is responsible for the hydrolysis of extracellular ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) which is responsible for cell proliferation, differentiation and inflammatory processes. In vivoirritation studies did not show any irritation in spite of having high amount of surfactant. Group treated with CP loaded nanoemulsion gel showed no evident toxicity even on repeated exposure. On the basis of above in vivo study we conclude that developed nanoemulsion is safe for human.