In this study, the electrically conducting fluid flow inside a channel with local symmetric constrictions, in the presence of a uniform transverse magnetic field is investigated using Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). To simulate Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow, the extended model of D2Q9 for MHD has been used. In this model, the magnetic induction equation is solved in a similar manner to hydrodynamic flow field which is easy for programming. This extended model has a capability of simultaneously solving both magnetic and hydrodynamic fields; so that, it is possible to simulate MHD flow for various magnetic Reynolds number (Rem). Moreover, the effects of Rem on the flow characteristics are investigated. It is observed that, an increase in Rem, while keeping the Hartman number (Ha) constant, can control the separation zone; furthermore, comparing to increasing Ha, it doesn't result in a significant pressure drop along the channel.

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The single relaxation D2Q9 lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is run in the current research beside the generalized power law model for simulation of non‐Newtonian magneto‐hydrodynamics (MHD) laminar flow field inside a channel with local symmetric constriction. Analytical results of non‐Newtonian fluid flow in a channel without magnetic field, as well as Newtonian fluid flow at various Hartmann No., are used to validate the numerical model. Then, fluid flow simulation is performed for non‐Newtonian fluid with different power law index at various Hartmann No. (Ha) whereas Reynolds No. are set to be constant in all cases. The present non‐Newtonian fluid can be achieved by adding various nanoparticles such as MWCNT to the base fluid. To explore the effect of magnetic Reynolds No. (Rem), the fluid flows with different magnetic resistivity are also simulated. Results show that the separation can be controlled by a magnetic field with the penalty of larger friction coefficient and pressure loss along the channel length. In fact, for a specified Rem, the higher the Ha, the larger the pressure loss. It is also observed that the pressure loss is larger for fluids flow with higher power law index and lower Rem.

This research paper deals with a detailed design and optimization of a combined cooling, heating and power plant. This is a detailed fundamental approach to other optimizations and performance evaluation such as optimizing the operational strategy. Different scenarios are introduced and optimized. In addition, influences of prime mover size (e.g. produced power), interest rate and fuel cost on the plant optimum design are studied. Internal rate of return and net present value of the plant are calculated and used to compare the scenarios besides exergy efficiency and carbon dioxide emission. Results show that economic factors affect the optimum cycle thermodynamics greatly. Efficiencies, heat and cooling capacities and fuel flow rates at optimum design point vary significantly by economic factors and are correlated to the plant size.