2,3,3‐Trimethylindolenine and 5‐chloro‐2,3,3‐trimethylindolenine were converted into β‐diformyl compounds by the action of the Vilsmeier reagent at 50°C. The dialdehydes reacted with various arylhydrazines and 2‐pyridylhydrazine to produce mono‐hydrazones as mixtures of cis and trans isomers. Heating the hydrazones in refluxing ethanol produced 3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐(1‐aryl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐3H‐indoles in excellent yields. Reaction of the β‐diformyl compounds with hydrazine itself led directly to 3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐(pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐3H‐indoles.

Palladium ions were successfully immobilized within the pores of open metal site (OMS) metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with Schiff-base (2-Py-SI) grafted in OMS-Cu (BDC) using the hydrothermal method. This Schiff-base complex on the Cu (BDC) greatly increased catalytic activity and acted as an efficient stabilizer of Pd ions. The hydrothermal method was a more efficient method for generating small metal ions in the MOF structures. The results revealed that the Pd II @Cu (BDC)/2-Py-SI is a promising catalyst for the Mizoroki-Heck coupling reaction. The proposed catalyst has better recyclability and can be reused several times without apparent loss of activity. KEYWORDS metal organic frameworks, Mizoroki-Heck reaction, open metal site MOF, Pd II @Cu (BDC)/2-Py-SI

Three‐component reactions of 5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrrolo[3,2,1‐ij]quinoline‐1,2‐dione with malononitrile, or ethyl cyanoacetate, and cyclic six‐membered or a five‐membered 1,3‐diketone, produce spiro[4H‐pyran‐3,3′‐oxindoles].

Reaction of 5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrrolo[3,2,1‐ij]quinoline‐1,2‐dione (3) with two equivalents of cyclic 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds under acid catalysis generates spiro[4H‐pyran‐3,3′‐oxindoles] 7. In contrast, though base catalysis also achieves double addition, the final products 8 result from subsequent ring opening of the five‐membered lactam via intramolecular attack by enolate; these products can be converted into the spiro[4H‐pyran‐3,3′‐oxindoles] by treatment with acid.

Key indicatorsSingle-crystal X-ray study T = 100 K Mean (C-C) = 0.002 Å R factor = 0.036 wR factor = 0.095 Data-to-parameter ratio = 14.4For details of how these key indicators were automatically derived from the article, see