Background: Cardiac telemetry plays a key role in diagnosing and monitoring arrhythmias in hospitalized patients. The American Heart Association (AHA) provides recommendations on the use of telemetry outside the intensive care unit (ICU). These can be stratified into three categories; telemetry is indicated (Class I), telemetry may provide benefit (Class II) or telemetry is unlikely to be of benefit or may cause harm (Class III). The AHA and Choosing Wisely Canada suggest that telemetry use should be guideline-based and should not be used outside the ICU without a plan for discontinuation. In the United States, interventions that modify the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) have been shown to improve telemetry utilization. Patients admitted to our nephrology ward are often prescribed telemetry inappropriately, which impacts patients and providers, and increases healthcare costs.Methods: We used the Model for Improvement framework to conduct a quality improvement project with the aim of reducing inappropriate telemetry utilization (ordered for a Class III indication). We employed an interrupted time series design to evaluate telemetry utilization from January 2018 to September 2019 (pre-intervention period, which was retrospective) and September 2019 to September 2020 (postintervention period, which was prospective). We implemented a modification to our electronic health record (EMR) that forced prescribers to choose an appropriate telemetry indication.Results: There was a reduction of Class III telemetry utilization from 56 to 22%. This reduction was sustained for 12 months following implementation. We piloted a nursing-led discontinuation protocol which resulted in 35% of telemetry orders being discontinued prior to the 48-hour prescribed period.Interpretation: Our study shows that interventions to enhance the EMR in a way that supports better utilization of telemetry can be successful at Canadian institutions. Our next steps will be to implement a permanent nursing-led discontinuation protocol to reduce the duration of telemetry utilization. RésuméContexte: La télémétrie cardiaque joue un rôle clé dans le diagnostic et la surveillance des arythmies chez les patients hospitalisés. L’American Heart Association (AHA) fournit des recommandations sur l’utilisation de la télémétrie en dehors de l’unité de soins intensifs. Ces recommandations peuvent être classées en trois catégories: la télémétrie est indiquée (classe I); la télémétrie peut procurer un bénéfice (classe II); la télémétrie n’est pas susceptible de procurer un bénéfice ou peut avoir des effets néfastes (classe III). D’après l’AHA et l’organisme Choisir avec soin, l’utilisation de la télémétrie devrait reposer sur des lignes directrices et ne devrait pas avoir lieu en dehors de l’unité de soins intensifs sans qu’il y ait un plan d’arrêt. Aux États-Unis, on constate que les interventions qui modifient le dossier médical électronique (DME) améliorent l’utilisation de la télémétrie. Les patients admis à notre service de néphrologie se voient souvent prescrire la télémétrie de manière inappropriée, ce qui entraîne des répercussions sur les patients et les fournisseurs de soins et augmente les coûts de soins de santé.Méthodologie: Nous avons utilisé le cadre du modèle d’amélioration pour mener un projet d’amélioration de la qualité qui vise à réduire l’utilisation inappropriée de la télémétrie (prescrite pour une indication de classe III). Nous avons employé un plan d’étude de séries chronologiques interrompues pour évaluer l’utilisation de la télémétrie de janvier 2018 à septembre 2019 (période préintervention, qui est rétrospective) et de septembre 2019 à septembre 2020 (période postintervention, qui est prospective). Nous avons mis en application une modification à notre DME qui oblige les prescripteurs à choisir une indication de télémétrie appropriée. Résultats: On constate une diminution de l’utilisation de la télémétrie de classe III, qui est passée de 56 % à 22 %. Cette diminution a été maintenue pendant 12 mois après la mise en application de la modification. Nous avons expérimenté un protocole d’arrêt dirigé par le personnel infirmier qui a permis d’arrêter 35 % des ordonnances de télémétrie avant la période prescrite de 48 heures.Interprétation: Notre étude montre qu’il est possible de réussir des interventions visant à améliorer le DME de manière à favoriser une meilleure utilisation de la télémétrie dans les établissements canadiens. Nos prochaines étapes consisteront à mettre en œuvre un protocole permanent d’arrêt dirigé par le personnel infirmier pour réduire la durée d’utilisation de la télémétrie.
Purpose of review: Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) have kidney cysts and kidney enlargement decades before progressing to advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), meaning patients live most of their adult life with a chronic medical condition. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created common questions among patients with ADPKD. In this review, we discuss COVID-19 concerns centered around a patient with a common clinical vignette. Sources of information: We performed PubMed and Google scholar searches for English, peer-reviewed studies related to “COVID-19,” “ADPKD,” “CKD,” “tolvaptan,” “angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors” (ACEi), “angiotensin receptor blockers” (ARB), and “vaccination.” We also evaluated transplant data provided by the Ontario Trillium Gift of Life Network. Methods: Following an assessment of available literature, this narrative review addresses common questions of patients with ADPKD in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Key findings: Data regarding the risk of developing COVID-19 and the risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes in patients with ADPKD remain limited, but patients with ADPKD with impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), kidney transplants, or on dialysis are likely at similar increased risk as those with generally defined CKD. We provide strategies to improve virtual care, which is likely to persist after the pandemic. Current evidence suggests ACEi, ARB, and tolvaptan treatment should be continued unless contraindicated due to severe illness. When available, and in the absence of a severe allergy, vaccination is recommended for all patients with ADPKD. Limitations: This narrative review is limited by a paucity of high-quality data on COVID-19 outcomes in patients specifically with ADPKD. Implications: Patients with ADPKD who have developed advanced CKD, require dialysis, or who have received a kidney transplant are at elevated risk of COVID-19 complications.
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