Milk and various dairy products are among the basic foods used in nutrition. However, milk and dairy products can contain many environmental pollutants such as pesticides, detergents, drug residues, heavy metals that may pose technological risks and are dangerous for human health. The aim of this study is to reveal the change of the amounts of essential elements and heavy metals in sheep's milk, yoghurt, buttermilk, and butter which are produced from the same milk. For this purpose, yoghurt, buttermilk, and butter were made from sheep's milk. Then, in milk and dairy products, Sodium (Na),

The purpose of this study is to investigate pesticide residues in the imported and domestic tea sold in Turkey and to detect their compliance with maximum residue limits (MRL) and Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). A total of 79 samples were analyzed by using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS devices with AOAC 2007.01 method to investigate 603 pesticide residues. According to the results, pesticide residues were found in a total of 28 tea samples. Pesticide residues were found in the countries of origin at the rates as follows: Iran (100%), India (33.3%) and Sri Lanka (17.3%). No pesticide residue was detected in the tea produced in Turkey. The compounds such as Diuron, Ethion, Cypermethrin, Thiacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Fenpyroximate, Acetamiprid, Imidacloprid, Flubendiamide, Deltamethrin and Hexythiazox were detected in positive samples. Seven types of pesticide residues exceeded the MRL determined by the Turkish Food Codex for 15 types (53.57%) for 28 samples with pesticide residue detected. Additionally, 4 types of pesticide residues were determined to exceed the ADI determined by the Codex Alimentarius for 13 (46.42%) of 28 samples with pesticide residue detected. These results have showed that the imported tea entering Turkey was not adequately analyzed in the customs control laboratories or the maximum residual limits were not clearly determined.

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This research was carried out to determine the levels of some minerals and heavy metals in Urfa cheeses and cow's milk offered for sale in Şanlıurfa. Mineral and heavy metal levels were determined by analysing 18 Urfa cheese and 21 cow milk samples collected from retail outlets with ICP-MS. Mean mineral and heavy metal contents in Urfa cheese samples were; magnesium (Mg) 129.8 ±31.14 mg/kg, calcium (Ca) 2712.66 ±1002.4 mg/kg, potassium (K) 272.06 ±127.21 mg/kg, titanium (Ti) 7.48 ±2.63 mg/kg, zinc (Zn) 40.4 ±16.33 mg/kg, selenium (Se) 10.6 ±3.51 mg/kg. In cow milk samples, average selenium (Se) 0.22 ±0.04 mg/kg, titanium (Ti) 0.07 ±0.009, mg/kg, copper (Cu) 0.0068 ±0.01 mg/kg and chromium (Cr) was detected at the level of 0.019 ±0.001 mg/kg. Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and thallium (Tl) levels were below the detectable levels in Urfa cheese and cow's milk samples. As a result, it was concluded that the samples do not pose a significant danger to public health in terms of heavy metal pollution and can contribute significantly to nutrition with the mineral substances it contains.

Tea is a popular drink throughout the world with known health benefits. Although it has been accepted as safe and healthy for centuries, recent research has reported that herbal tea could be contaminated by fungi and mycotoxins. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of total aflatoxin and aflatoxin B1 in local and imported tea sold in the southeastern and eastern provinces of Turkey. A total of 79 samples were taken from tea originating from Turkey (Mardin; 7, Şırnak; 3, Van; 15, Diyarbakır; 13, Siirt; 9, Batman; 4, Gaziantep; 14, Kilis; 4, and Şanlıurfa; 10), Iran, Sri Lanka, and India. Analysis of the content of the samples was made in respect of total aflatoxin and aflatoxin B1 using the Rapid Common Mass Spectrometry method (2006; 20: 2649-2659) with an LC-MS/MS device. The analyses were performed in an advanced, private, EU-accredited laboratory. According to the results obtained from the LC-MS/MS device, no total aflatoxin or aflatoxin B1 was determined. That no aflatoxins were detected in the tea samples demonstrates that the harvesting, processing, drying and packaging stages of the local and imported teas sold in the southeast Anadolu and South Anadolu regions of Turkey are applied appropriately. These types of analyses should be applied in other regions to determine the presence of aflatoxin in tea in general in Turkey.