Objective: The incidence of and risk factors for hypocalcemia following thyroidectomy were evaluated in this study. Material and Methods:One hundred and ninety thyroidectomy patients were evaluated retrospectively for factors that might contribute to postoperative hypocalcemia; age, hyperthyroidism, malignancy, the extent of surgery (total/near total/subtotal thyroidectomy), cervical lymph node dissection, and incidental parathyroidectomy. Results:The rate of transient hypocalcemia/hypoparathyroidism was 19.47%, with a permanent hypoparathyroidism rate of 4.74%. Factors affecting the development of transient hypocalcemia were found as being operated for hyperthyroidism, and use of total thyroidectomy as the surgical method. Total thyroidectomy increased the risk of postoperative hypocalcemia by 3.16 fold. Patients undergoing operations for hyperthyroidism had a 2.3 fold increase, and those undergoing total thyroidectomy had a 3.16 fold risk of postoperative hypocalcemia. Conclusion:Hyperthyroidism surgery and total thyroidectomy lead to a higher risk of developing early postoperative or transient hypocalcemia. According to our results, no significant relationship could be established between any of the study parameters and persistent hypocalcemia.
We analyzed the clinical and pathological characteristics of GIST. The most common site of tumor origin was the stomach. The size, mitotic index, and Ki-67 values were to be found high in intermediate- and high-risk groups and metastatic diseases.
ÖZETAmaç: Total tiroidektomi yapılan hastalarda, A. thyroidea inferior'un trunkal bağlanıp bağlanmamasının ve N. laryngeus inferior'un diseke edilip edilmemesinin postoperatif erken dönem kan kalsiyumuna etkisi, prospektif randomize olarak araştırıldıYöntemler: "Multinodüler guatr" tanısıyla "total tiroidektomi" endikasyonu alan ve çalışma kriterlerini taşıyan 92 hastada prospektif randomize bir çalışma planlandı. Grup 1'de (n=40) A. thyroidea inferior bilateral trunkal olarak bağlandı ve N. laryngeus inferior diseksiyonu yapıldı. Grup 2'de (n=52) ise A. thyroidea inferior tiroid dokusuna yakın bağlandı ve N. laryngeus inferior diseksiyonu yapılmadı. Tüm hastalarda ameliyattan 12 saat önce ve ameliyattan 1 ve 3 gün sonra kan kalsiyum düzeyleri ölçüldü.Bulgular: Gruplar arasında yaş, cinsiyet, ameliyat süresi ve hastanede kalış süresi açılarından istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu. İki gruptaki hastaların preoperatif, postoperatif 1. ve 3. gün kan kalsiyum değerleri arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı (sırasıyla p=0,07; p=0,29; p=0,51). Grup 1'de postoperatif 1. gündeki kan kalsiyum değeri (p<0,018), Grup 2'de ise postoperatif 3. gündeki kan kalsiyum değeri (p<0,002) preoperatif değer-lere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde azalma gösterdi. Buna paralel olarak, postoperatif dönemde Grup 1'de 4 hastada (%10), Grup 2'de ise 5 hastada (%9,5) Chvostek ve Trousseau bulguları ortaya çıktı; bulgular açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak fark saptanmadı (p=0,71). Hiçbir olguda ses kısıklığı ve/veya solunum güçlüğü gözlenmedi. Sonuç:A. thyroidea inferior'un trunkal bağlanması ve N. laryngeus inferior'un diseke edilmesi, arterin dokuya yakın bağlanması ve sinirin diseke edilmemesine göre postoperatif kan kalsiyum değerini anlamlı düzeyde etkilememiştir. Her iki yöntem de benzer ve beklenebilir oranda (%10) postoperatif erken dönem hipokalsemisi ortaya çıkmıştır. Her iki yöntemde de tiroidektomi sonrası görülebilen ses kısıklığı ve solunum güçlüğü gibi major komplikasyonlar ortaya çıkmamıştır. (JAREM 2014; 2: 69-73) Anahtar Sözcükler: Total tiroidektomi, tiroid inferior arter, laringeal inferior sinir, trunkal arter ligasyonu, sinir diseksiyonu ABSTRACT Objective: Early postoperative calcium levels were evaluated following total thyroidectomy with respect to bilateral inferior thyroid artery truncal ligation and reccurent laryngeal nerve dissection.Methods: Ninety two patients with multinodular goitre were treated with total thyroidectomy, and randomised according to the study protocol. Bilateral inferior thyroid artery truncal ligation together with dissection of recurrent laryngeal nerve was performed in group 1 (no:40). In group 2 patients (n:52), Inferior thyroid artery was ligated at the level of the thyroid gland entrance and dissection of nervus laryngeus inferior was not performed. The calcium levels were obtained 12 hours before and 24.72 hours after the operation.Results: There were no significant differences in age, gender, operating time and hospitalisation time between the t...
The urachus is an embryonic remnant of communication between the bladder and the umbilicus; it usually obliterates and becomes a fibrous cord, but the incomplete obliteration or partial recanalization leads to the development of anomalies such as urachal cyst or patent urachus. As a consequence of the diverticulitis episode, the sigmoid colon or peridiverticular abscess may adhere to the patent urachus and develop a colourachal fistula with feculent umbilical drainage. Here, we evaluated a case of sigmoid-urachal-cutaneous fistula in the light of the current literature. (JAREM 2015; 5: 83-4)
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