ÖzetAmaç: Guillian-Barre sendromu(GBS) ve hiponatremi ilişkisi bilinen bir antitedir. Bu fenomenin altta yatan etyolojik nedeninin uygunsuz antidiüretik hormon sekresyonu olduğu düşünülse de intravenöz immunoglobulin tedavisi ile ilişkili yalancı hiponatremi de sebep olarak düşünülmektedir. Çalışmamızda, merkezimizde GBS tanısı ile takip edilmiş olan hastalarda hiponatremi olup olmadığını ve hiponatremi varlığı durumunda, tedavi ve hastalığın şiddeti ile sodyum değerlerinin ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, merkezimiz nöroloji kliniğinde, GBS tanısı ile yatırılarak takip ve tedavi edilmiş olan 29 hasta retrospektif olarak dahil edildi. Tüm hastaların hastaneye kabul edildikleri sıradaki ya da tedavi başlanmadan hemen öncesindeki serum sodyum değerleri, kliniğe kabul edildikleri ve taburcu edildikleri sıradaki muayene bulguları, elektrofizyolojik inceleme sonuçları değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Hastaların 14 ü erkek 15 i kadındı. Yaş ortalaması 51,9 yıldı. 29 olgunun 9(%31) unda tedavi öncesinde hiponatremi tespit edildi. Hiponatremik olan grupta serum sodyum değeri 130-135 mEq/L olan 6 (%66,6) olgu, serum sodyum değeri 120-130mEq/L olan 2 (%22,2) olgu ve 120 mEq/L nin altında olan 1 (%11,1) olgu bulunmaktaydı. Olgulardan biri takibi sırasında ex olurken 28 hasta taburcu edildi.Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçlarına göre hiponatremi, Guillian-Barre sendromuna eşlik edebilen bir elektrolit bozukluğudur. Hiponatremi ile IVIG tedavisi arasında bir ilişki varlığı düşünülmemiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Guillian-Barre Sendromu, immunglobulin, hiponatremi AbstractObjectives: Relationship between hyponatremia and Guillian-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a well known clinical entity. While inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion is thought to be the underlying etiologic reason for this phenomenon, intravenous immunglobuline treatment-related pseudohyponatremia is also considered as the reason. In our study, we evaluated the presence of hyponatremia in patients who had been diagnosed as GBS in our center.In presence of hyponatremia we also aimed to investigate the relationship between treatment and severity of the disease with sodium levels. Material and Methods:Twenty-nine patients diagnosed and treated as GBS in neurology clinic of our center were included in the study retrospectively. Serum sodium levels in admission or before the treatment, physical examination findings both in admission and during discharge and electrophysiological results of all patients were evaluated. Results:Fourteen of the patients were male and 15 patients were female. Mean age of the group was 51.9 years. 9 patient (31%) had hyponatremia before the treatment. Hyponatremic patient group consisted of 6 (66.6%) cases whose sodium levels ranged between 130-135 mEq/lt, 2 cases (22.2%) whose sodium levels ranged between 120-130 mEq/lt and of one case (11.1%) whose sodium level was lower than 120 mEq/lt. One patient died during follow-up period, 28 patients were discharged. Conclusion:We concluded that hyponatremia was an electrolyte disturba...
One-and-a half syndrome is seen in paramedian pontine lesions, and may also co-exist with cranial nerve paralysis. This clinical situation is called eight-anda-half syndrome when facial nerve paralysis also accompanies this manifestation. A man aged 38 years was admitted with symptoms of sudden-onset binocular diplopia and dizziness. The patient had no known co-morbidities. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed a small-sized infarct in the left paramedian pontine tegmentum posterior area. In his neuro-ophthalmologic examination, total paresis of left eye horizontal movements, mild lateral deviation, and monocular nystagmus during abduction of the right eye were observed. The patient also had peripheral facial paralysis on the left side; therefore, no signs of motor deficit of his extremities were examined. Eight-and-a-half syndrome is a rare disorder that is seen in localized-small pons lesions, mostly accompanied by infarcts. This clinical manifestation is called eight-and-a-half syndrome and arises within lesions in both the parapontine reticular formation and the medial longitudinal fasciculus in the inferior pons tegmentum where horizontal eye movements are controlled, and facial axons adjacent to the nucleus of the sixth nerve. We wanted to present this case to emphasize this rare situation. Keywords:One-and-a-half syndrome, facial palsy, pontin lesion Paramedyan pontin lezyonlarında görülen bir buçuk sendromu, kraniyal sinir paralizileri ile birlikte de görülebilir. Fasiyal sinir paralizisi ile birlikte görülen klinik tablo sekiz buçuk sendromu olarak adlandırılır. Otuz sekiz yaşında erkek hasta, ani başlayan çift görme, baş dönmesi şikayetleriyle başvurdu. Bilinen komorbiditesi olmayan hastanın çekilen kraniyal manyetik rezonans görüntülerinde difüzyon ağırlıklı kesitlerinde sol paramedyan pontin tegmentum posterior kesimde küçük bir enfarkt alanı görüldü. Nöro-oftalmolojik muayenesinde sol göz horizontal göz hareketlerinde tam parezi, sağ göz primer pozisyonda hafif laterale deviasyon ile addüksiyon kısıtlılığı ve dışa bakış sırasında ortaya çıkan nistagmus görüldü. Ekstremitelerinde motor defisite rastlanmayan hastada solda periferik tipte fasiyal paralizi saptandı. Bir buçuk sendromu iyi lokalize küçük pons lezyonlarında, en sık olarak enfarktlar ile birlikte tanımlanmış nadir bir tablodur. Horizontal göz hareketlerinin düzenlendiği inferior pons tegmentumundaki paramedyan pontin retiküler formasyon, mediyal longitidunal fasikül ve altıncı kraniyal sinir nükleusu ile hemen komşuluğundaki fasiyal sinir aksonlarını tutan lezyonlar ile ortaya çıkan klinik tablo sekiz buçuk sendromu olarak adlandırılır. Literatürde nadir olarak bildirilmiş bu durumu vurgulamak için olguyu sunmak istedik.Anahtar Kelimeler: Bir buçuk sendromu, fasiyal paralizi, pons lezyonu Abstract ÖzAd dress for Cor res pon den ce/Ya z›fl ma Ad re si: Esra Eruyar MD,
ÖZETSerebral venöz tromboz (SVT ) serebrovasküler hastalıklar arasında nadir karşılaşılan bir klinik tablodur. Baş ağrısı, nöbet ve fokal nörolojik defisit en sık görülen bulgulardır. SVT'ye bağlı multipl kraniyal sinir paralizisi ise nadir görülmektedir ve patolojisi net değildir. Görüntülemede kraniyal sinir paralizisini açıklayacak bir patoloji olmaması tanıdan şüphe ettirmektedir ancak hastalığın bilinmesi erken tanı ve tedavi olanağı sağlamaktadır. Bu olgu ile SVT'ye bağlı nadir de olsa multipl kraniyal sinir paralizisinin görülebileceğini ve tedaviye yanıtın iyi olduğunu vurgulamak istedik. Anahtar Sözcükler: Serebral venöz tromboz, çoklu kraniyal sinir paralizisi, puerperium. MULTIPLE CRANIAL NERVE PALSY DUE TO CEREBRAL VENOUS THROMBOSIS ABSTRACTCerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare clinical condition between cerebrovasculer diases. The most common findings are headache, seizure and focal neurological deficit. Multiple cranial nerve palsy due to CVT is rarely seen and it is not clear pathology. A pathology that could explain the lack of cranial nerve imaging is carrying suspected diagnosis but the disease is known to provide early diagnosis and treatment. We want to emphasize with this case multipl cranial nerve palsy due to CVT is seen rarely and good response to treatment.
Objective: Changes in magnesium metabolism have a different effect on the metabolic and signaling pathways in the development and progression of diabetes. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the serum magnesium level and polyneuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The study included type 2 DM patients who presented to the neurology outpatient clinic of Ankara City Hospital with the complaint of pain and burning sensation in the hands and feet and received a pre-diagnosis of polyneuropathy based on electroneuromyography. Biochemistry and hormone parameters of patients were scanned retrospectively. Results: A total of 116 patients, 49 (42.2%) female and 67 (57.8%) male, were included in the study. The frequency of polyneuropathy was significantly higher in the group with high HbA1C (>10.1%) compared to the group with low HbA1C (<7.1%) (P=0.004). Mg levels were significantly lower in patients with polyneuropathy (1.8±0.2 mg/dl) compared to those without polyneuropathy (2.0±0.4 mg/dl) (P=0.013). Patients with additional complications other than polyneuropathy had significantly lower magnesium levels than those without such complications(P=0.021). The mean Mg level was 1.82±0.50 mg/dl for the patients with complications while it was 1.88±0.18 mg/dl for those without complications. Conclusions: This study showed that the magnesium levels were significantly associated with the development of polyneuropathy in patients with type 2 DM. It was concluded that an adequate magnesium level in patients with glycemic control can prevent the development of diabetic polyneuropathy.
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