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Background. EF-hand domain-containing protein D2 (EFHD2) has recently been reported to participate in initiation of cancer. More evidence indicates that EFHD2 plays an important role in tumors, but the pan-cancer analysis of EFHD2 is still very limited. Methods. In this study, we downloaded the original mRNA expression data and SNP data of 33 kinds of tumor data. The gene expression data of different tissues were downloaded from the GTEX database, combined with TCGA data and corrected to calculate the difference of gene expression. The data of total survival time (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of TCGA patients were downloaded from the Xena database to further survey the relationship between the EFHD2 expression and prognosis. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the RNA-seq data of 33 kinds of cancer patients in different subgroups. In this study, NCI-60 drug sensitivity data and RNA-seq data were downloaded to explore the relationship between genes and common antineoplastic drug sensitivity through correlation analysis. In this study, GSEA analysis was carried out from the Molecular Signature database through the packages of “clusterprofiler” and “enrichplot.” By comparing the differences of signal pathways between high and low gene expression groups, the possible molecular mechanism of prognostic differences among 33 kinds of tumors was determined. Results. Our results indicated that EFHD2 was highly expressed in 23 kinds of tumors. In addition, EFHD2 was associated with stage in many kinds of tumors. The expression of EFHD2 was closely related to the OS of 12 kinds of cancer patients. In addition, Kaplan-Meier- (KM-) plot survival analysis indicated that the high expression of EFHD2 was related to the poor OS of 5 kinds of cancer, and the expression of EFHD2 was closely related to the PFI of 5 kinds of cancer patients. The expression of EFHD2 was closely related to immune infiltration, among which 18 cancers were significantly correlated with CD8T cells, 14 cancers were significantly correlated with T regulatory (Tregs) cells, 15 cancers were significantly correlated with CD4 memory activated Tcells, and EFHD2 was significantly correlated with common tumor-related regulatory genes such as TGF beta signaling, TNFA signaling, hypoxia, scorch death, DNA repair, autophagy, and iron death-related genes. The expression level of EFHD2 was significantly correlated with each tumor of TMB, including STAD, SARC, ACC, THYM, KICH, THCA, and TGCT. In MSI, there were significant differences in THYM, STAD, THCA, and TGCT. We used the CellMiner database to explore the sensitivity between EFHD2 gene and common antineoplastic drugs and found that the prediction of high expression of EFHD2 was related to the resistance of many antineoplastic drugs. In renal cell carcinoma, the high expression of EFHD2 is mainly concentrated in ALLOGRAFT_REJECTION, REACTIVE_OXYGEN_SPECIES_PATHWAY, INTERFERON_GAMMA_RESPONSE, IL6_JAK_STAT3_SIGNALING, INTERFERON_ALPHA_RESPONSE, and other signal pathways. GO results showed that the genes were mainly enriched in response to interferon-gamma, antigen processing and presentation, cellular response to interferon-gamma, and other pathways. KEGG results demonstrated that EFHD2 was mainly rich in phagosome, Epstein-Barr virus infection, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and other pathways. The results of Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the high expression of EFHD2 was significantly related to the poor prognosis. Conclusion. Our findings highlight the predictive value of EFHD2 in cancer and provide a potential research direction for elucidating the role of EFHD2 in tumorigenesis and drug resistance.

The Taklimakan Desert is a typical arid area. Due to the needs of production and life, a total of 2 km2 of constructed green land (hereinafter referred to as CGL) has been formed in the sand dune, resulting in the uniform underlying surface of the desert having been changed, which has led to the change in the near-surface energy distribution pattern and the formation of a local climate of the CGL that is obviously different from that of the desert climate. Therefore, it is necessary to study the varied interval of the threshold of meteorological factors and the regional climate characteristics of the CGL under the background of desert. The main results are as follows. Firstly, from sunrise to noon, the increasing rate of temperature in natural sandy land (hereafter, NSL) was higher than that in CGL, and the opposite results occurred between noon and sunset. The peak temperature of CGL was 2 h later than that of NSL. At night, the temperature at the boundary of the CGL was generally higher than that of the NSL and the central area of the CGL. In addition, the results show that under the combined influence of underlying conditions, local circulation and small terrain, the CGL (middle) daily range of temperature > NSL (west) > CGL (east) > CGL (west). The positive temperature change period of CGL was significantly shorter than that of NSL in all seasons. However, temperature inversion occurred at night in all seasons. The intensity of the temperature inversion was strongest in winter, with a maximum temperature difference of 12.8 °C, followed by autumn, spring, and summer, with a maximum difference of 6.4 °C. Secondly, the wind speed in the daytime was higher than that at night, and the wind speed in NSL was higher than that in CGL. In summer, if the average wind speed of the NSL was quantified as 1.0 m/s, the wind speed lapse rate reached 30% at the boundary of the CGL. Similarly, in the central area of CGL, the wind speed lapse rate reached 71%.

Background: Tobacco use is a global public health concern due to its association with a myriad of health hazards and costs. Previous studies have found that the disinhibiting influence of alcohol consumption may lead to an increase in tobacco use. In this study, we investigated why alcohol consumption is associated with tobacco use among older adults in Western China, and we attempted to explain the mechanisms that underlie the link between alcohol consumption and tobacco use. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we employed a representative sample of 812 urban individuals aged 60 and older in 2017 in Western China. Results: We found that alcohol consumption (OR = 2.816, 95%CI: 1.770–4.479) was positively associated with tobacco use. Additionally, other factors, including gender (OR = 0.023, 95%CI: 0.009–0.060), age (OR = 0.758, 95%CI: 0.634–0.906), health literacy (OR = 0.977, 95%CI: 0.959–0.995) and functional impairment (OR = 0.871, 95%CI: 0.767–0.988) were also strongly related to tobacco use. Conclusions: Consistent with the results of existing studies, our findings demonstrated the disinhibiting influence of alcohol consumption on tobacco use, which confirmed the theoretical mechanisms that underlie the alcohol–tobacco link and implied the co-occurrence and co-use of alcohol and tobacco, which are used as “social lubricants” in the Chinese context. The importance of other factors related to tobacco use were also discussed. As the tobacco epidemic is combatted, joint interventions tailored to concurrent control over alcohol and tobacco need to be performed, and corresponding male-specific and age-specific health education and the reinforcement of health literacy must be considered as important priorities.

IntroductionThe application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer can promote photosynthesis in forage grasses and accelerate their establishment.MethodsTo improve the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer for bluegrass (Poa L.) in alpine regions, the effects of P fertilizer on their growth, and carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and P distribution in their different organs of them are tested at six P fertilization levels (3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 g·m−2).Results(1) The nutrient content in each organ of bluegrass varies during different growth stages, with the lowest nutrient content occurring in the wilt stage. (2) The response of the nutrient content and ratio of each organ of bluegrass to different P fertilization levels varies. When the P application rate was 15 g·m−2, the contents of N and P in roots were the highest, and their C/N and C/P ratios were the lowest. When the P application rate was 12 g·m−2, the contents of N and P in the stems were the highest, and their C/N and C/P ratios were the lowest. When the P application rate was 9 g·m−2, the contents of N and P in leaves were the highest, and their C/N and C/P ratios were the lowest. When the P application rate was 6 g·m−2 the contents of N and P in the panicle were the highest, and their C/N and C/P ratios were the lowest.DiscussionThese results provide a better understanding of the effect of P fertilization in the nutrient partitioning pattern of perennial forage plant organs in alpine regions. The information from this study can support a more reasonable P fertilization for the establishment of early grassland. For example, in artificial forage grassland, the application of low-concentration P fertilizer (6~9 g·m−2) can promote the nutrient content in spikes and stems of forage grass; for ecological management, the application of high-concentration P fertilizer (15 g·m−2) can promote the nutrient content in roots and enhance the ecological benefits of forage grassland.