Staggered time delay and integration (TDI) scanning image acquisition systems are usually employed in low signal-to-noise situations such as thermal imaging. Analysis and restoration of images acquired by thermal staggered TDI sensors in the presence of mechanical vibrations that may cause space-variant image distortions (severe geometric warps and blur) are studied. The relative motion at each location in the degraded image is identified from the image when a differential technique is used. This information is then used to reconstruct the image by a technique of projection onto convex sets. The main novelty is the implementation of such methods to scanned images (columnwise). Restorations are performed with simulated and real mechanically degraded thermal images.

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In system performance analysis, most often Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and system resolution (via MTF) are analyzed separately. In this paper we advocate the use of a joint measure, namely, the Noise Equivalent Reflectance Difference (NERD) as a function of the Spatial Resolution (SR). We demonstrate that the NERD vs. SR captures most of the essential properties of the system's performances and is therefore a useful tool in system evaluation. We demonstrate how various tradeoffs affect the NERD vs. SR curve in some not so trivial way.

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