No abstract

Just over twenty years ago, the Kyoto Protocol brought nations together to address the emergent issue of climate change. To support the development of energy policy, a number of academic fields were strengthened, particularly surrounding sustainable development and the economic, environmental, and social aspects of sustainability. This research focuses on the social aspects of energy policy, beginning with climate justice, through to the emergence of energy justice and the notion of a just transition. Through a bibliometric analysis of 5529 academic studies incorporating energy policy and social equity across relevant academic fields, strong ties among five distinct schools of thought were identified. Interestingly, energy transitions scholarship appears distinct from most social equity and energy justice related scholarship. There is a need to better integrate disparate schools of thought in order to achieve a just transitions framework able to address inequities in energy policy outcomes in the Paris Agreement era and beyond.

In the simple hexagonal lattice, bridge number is used to establish a lower bound on stick numbers of knots. This result aids in giving a new proof that the minimal stick number is 11. In addition, the authors establish upper bounds for the stick number of a composite knot. Constructions for (p, p+1)-torus knots and some 3-bridge knots are given requiring one more stick than the lower bound guarantees.

No abstract