No abstract

Our case report demonstrates the management of a unique penetrating orbital injury. The intraorbital foreign body was an approximately 22 cm long metal dishwasher spring hook lodged into the left orbital apex. An ophthalmological check-up a couple of weeks following the removal surgery discerned the patient had an unprecedented case of orbital apex syndrome. We present this unique case so physicians, medical students, and other emergency and medical professionals can learn about the diagnostic, surgical, and multidisciplinary management necessary to achieve a favorable clinical outcome.

Acute primary angle closure glaucoma (APACG) is one of the most significant ocular emergencies presenting to emergency departments. This form of glaucoma is generally perceived as an acute ocular emergency which requires prompt ophthalmic referral for definitive treatment, which is almost universally surgical. At present however, prognostic factors on presentation are not well established and physicians do not have the ability to predict patient’s visual outcomes on presentation with reliable data.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the skin and mucous membranes. The condition may be confused with a number of disorders, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and erythema multiforme (EM), all of which are life-threatening. Immunohistological and histochemical analyses remain the optimal methods for differentiating these diseases. There is still insufficient evidence regarding the true incidence rate of ocular disease in PV as well as its distinct clinical types. This report sets to review the case of a 62-year-old male with atypical ocular pemphigus vulgaris and review the literature.