Strabismus has psychological consequences in adolescent patients, and the visible eye deviation caused by strabismus is a strong indicator of psychological distress.

Introduction: It is well known that patients with schizophrenia are more sensitive to negative rather than positive feelings. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the degree of explicitly perceived threat against facial expressions of anger. We were also interested in the association between perceived threat, and both the objective intensity of facial expression of anger and the functional anatomy of the perceived faces.Method: Forty-eight patients with schizophrenia and 51 healthy controls were enrolled. Participants were presented a total of 21 sequences of anger including six different face images, which were selected from The Cohn-Kanade AU-Coded Facial Expression Database with emotions gradually changing from neutral to peak expression of anger. We measured when [time to threat (TtT)] and to which degree [Total perception of threat (TPoT)] threat was perceived by participants. The relation between perceived threat with the involvement of functional anatomic units among the face stimuli was also investigated.Results: TPoT was higher in the index compared to the control group. TtT was comparable in two groups and was associated with the severity of hallucinations among the index group. Total emotion intensity was lower in the sequences that evoked more threat in the index group. Functional contribution of the eyes and the upper lip to expression of anger were associated with TPoT among the index group. Conclusion:Schizophrenia subjects may be prone to perceive more threat in response to facial expression of anger. This proneness may be evident in response to less intense expression of anger, particularly via eyes and the upper lip.

Attitudinal barriers can be more frequent than structural barriers in depression treatment. Understanding attitudinal barriers are the first step to overcome. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the beliefs about depression, antidepressants with attachment styles, and personality characteristics. A total of 207 participants completed an online survey which consisted of the sociodemographic data form, beliefs about antidepressants and depression questionnaire, Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised, and Ten Item Personality Inventory. False beliefs about depression were related to younger age, lower education level, and male gender (p<0.05 each). False beliefs about antidepressants were related to openness to experience personality dimension and anxious attachment style in addition to the male gender and, lower educational level (p<0.05 each). Interventions addressing wrong beliefs about depression should provide basic information about the disease. Clinicians aiming to provide proper knowledge about antidepressants should prioritize a trusting relationship.

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Purpose: To assess the association of sexual function with visual acuity. Methods: Patients were included in the mild to moderate visual impairment (MVI), severe visual impairment (SVI), and profound visual impairment (PVI) groups based on bilateral corrected distance visual acuity. All patients completed the Turkish version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and Glombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) scales before and at 1 month after the cataract surgery. Results: Mean IIEF scores did not improve after cataract surgery in the MVI group ( P > 0.05). Sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, overall satisfaction, and total IIEF score were significantly improved after cataract surgery in both the SVI and PVI groups ( P < 0.05). Mean GRISS subscale scores did not improve after cataract surgery in the MVI group ( P > 0.05). Non-sensuality, avoidance, dissatisfaction, infrequency, noncommunication, and total GRISS score were significantly improved after cataract surgery in both the SVI and PVI groups ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The study results documented the association of low visual acuity and decreased sexual desire and satisfaction and revealed the beneficial effect of visual improvement.