RESUMOObjetivos: Avaliar o impacto da cirurgia bariátrica na síndrome metabólica (SM) e quais os critérios que mais contribuíram para sua remissão após cirurgia. A evolução da leucometria também foi analisada. ABSTRACTCan Bariatric Surgery Cure Metabolic Syndrome? Objectives: To evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery on the metabolic syndrome (MS) and what are the criteria that contribute the most for its exclusion after surgery. The progress of leucometry was also analyzed. Methods and procedures: 47 obese women with MS were evaluated. All patients were operated with the Roux-en-Y vertical gastric bypass technique, with the insertion of a contention ring on the gastro-jejune anastomosis (Fobi-Capella). Patients were evaluated before and on the first year post-surgery. Results: Fasting glucose presented a relevant decrease at 3 months after surgery. After 12 months, all 20 patients who had DM2 or altered fasting glucose presented normal levels of fasting glucose and glicated hemoglobin, and none of them was using any anti-diabetic drug. Triglycerides levels were reduced by 49.2%, whereas HDL-cholesterol increased by 27.2%. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were reduced by an average of 28.7 and 20.8 mmHg, respectively. Leucocytes counting fell from 7671/µL to 6156/µL. Fasting glucose, triglycerides, DBP, SBP and HDL-cholesterol were the variables that contributed most for the reduction of MS. At the end of the first year, elimination of MS occurred in 80.9% of the patients. Discussion: Bariatric surgery reduces resistance to insulin and consequently the cardiovascular risk factors.